International Development and Programs (Development Work) - International Development and Programs (Development Work)

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    • What is the USAID Voluntary Separate Maintenance Allowance (VSMA)?
    • Chief of Party Checklist
    • How to Guides by People In Aid
    • USAID Automated Directives System (ADS) Booklet
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    • Building Upon Development Experience: World Bank Toolkits
    • USAID Launches New Development Experience Clearing House
    • Where to Find Jobs and Business Opportunities (Bizopps) Directly with USAID?
    • What are USAID's Allowances Such as Per Diem, Danger Pay and Cost of Living Allowance?
    • What is the USAID Maximum Daily Rate?
    • Using NodeXL for Analyzing Stakeholders of Development Projects
    • Red and Green Zones of Project Implementation
    • Capacity Building: Internship Programs
    • Participatory and Coercive Reform Strategies
    • Using Open-Source Software
    • The Six Principles for Organizing Effective Study Tours
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  • Working Papers
    • The Changing Role of Supervisory Board Chairman: The Case of the Netherlands (1997-2007)
    • Boardroom Dynamics of Two-tier Boards: How Non-Executive Directors Manage Working Relationships with Executives
    • The Influence of the Board of Directors on the Strategic Renewal Behavior of Listed Corporations
    • Assessing Corporate Responses to Changing Board Network Expectations in the Netherlands
    • The Hidden Effects of Corporate Governance Reform in the Netherlands
    • An Introduction to Organizational Economics
    • The Comparison of Corporate Governance Models
    • Comparing Major International Corporate Governance Models
    • Service Role of Boards
    • Demographic Diversity
    • The Service Role of Boards
    • The Effectiveness of Supervisory Boards: an Exploratory Study of Group Dynamics and Challenges in Dutch Board Rooms
    • The Importance of Independent Directors for Indonesian Boards of Directors
    • Comparing Corporate Governance Models
  • Studies
    • USAID - Corporate Governance in Macedonia. An Analysis of Non-Listed Joint Stock Companies
    • Model Provisions on Investor Protection in CIS Member States
    • Analysis of the Law of the Republic of Armenia on Joint Stock Companies
    • USAID Commercial Law and Institutional Review 2005 Macedonia
    • Commercial Law and Institutional Review 2003 Macedonia
    • OECD / IFC Fact-Sheet on Joint Stock Companies in Mongolia
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    • Corporate Governance Survey 2003 - 2004 Macedonia
  • Master Thesis
    • Management Buy Out: A Palace Revolution?
  • Articles
    • De Adviserende Rol van Commissarissen in het Licht van de Code Tabaksblat
    • Gebruik Toezichthoudende Commissies Sterk Toegenomen in Nederland
    • Cumulative Voting and the Protection of Minority Shareholders in the CIS
    • Veranderingen in de Service-Rol van Commissarissen in Nederland (In Dutch)
    • Investigating the Development of the Internal and External Service Tasks of Non-executive Directors
    • Een Internationale Vergelijking van Corporate Governance Modellen
    • De Audit-Commissie van de Raad van Commissarissen in Nederland
    • SMEs and Corporate Social Responsibility
    • The Relationship Between Corporate Governance and the Performance of Joint Stock Companies
    • Independent Directors for Macedonian Joint Stock Companies
    • Major Transactions: How the Macedonian 2004 Company Law Protects Directors
    • Het Gebruik van Toezichthoudende Commissies Binnen Raden van Commissarissen
  • Featured Publications
    • How Two-tier Boards can be More Effective
    • Role Ambiguity and Conflicts: A Study of Company Secretaries and Two-Tier Boards in the Netherlands
    • The Effectiveness of Supervisory Boards: An Exploratory Study of Challenges in Dutch Boardrooms
    • The Changing Role of the Supervisory Board Chairman: The Case of the Netherlands (1997–2007)
    • Investigating the Development of the Internal and External Service Tasks of Non-Executive Directors
    • Shareholders Rights Survey 2004 - 2005 Macedonia
    • On the Supposed Independence of Two-Tier Boards
    • An International Comparison of Corporate Governance Models
    • A Review of International Corporate Governance Developments (in Dutch)
    • The Importance of Disclosure in Corporate Governance Self-regulation Across Europe
    • The Emerging Role of Audit Committees
    • How the Private Sector can be Involved in the Development of Modern Business Standards
    • The Netherlands - Board Index
    • Corporate Governance of Non-Listed Companies in Emerging Markets
    • The Effectiveness of Shareholders Meetings
  • Featured Publications Full Text
    • Private Sector Involvement in Business Standards
      • 0. Abstract
      • 1. Introduction
      • 2. The Role of Boards of Directors in Corporate Governance
      • 3. Boards of Directors in Emerging Markets
      • 4. Reform Strategies
      • 5. Coercive Reform Strategies
      • 6. Participatory Reform Strategies
      • 7. Regulatory Impact Assessments
      • 8. Conclusions
      • References
  • Manuals
    • Russia Corporate Governance Manual
    • Armenia Corporate Governance Manual
  • Ph.D Thesis Business Administration
  • Ph.D Thesis Business Administration Full Text
    • Chapter 1: The Introduction to This Study
      • 1.1 Introduction
      • 1.2 The Organization of Corporate Boards of Directors
      • 1.3 Alternative Approaches to the Formal Independence of Corporate Boards of Directors
      • 1.4 Research Questions on the Formal Independence of Corporate Board Models
      • 1.5 The Organization of This Study
      • 1.6 The Research Approach of This Study
      • 1.7 Conclusion
    • Chapter 2: Literature Review of Board Involvement
      • 2.1 Introduction
      • 2.2 Board Involvement in Decision Making
      • 2.3 The Roles of Corporate Boards of Directors: A Theoretical Classification
      • 2.4 General Models of Board Involvement in Strategic Decision Making
      • 2.5 Summary
    • Chapter 3: Boards - Conflict Perspective
      • 3.1 Introduction
      • 3.2 A Conflict Perspective of Board Organization
      • 3.3 A Conflict Perspective of One-Tier Board Model Attributes
      • 3.4 A Conflict Perspective of Two-Tier Board Model Attributes
      • 3.5 Summary
    • Chapter 4: Boards - Consensus Perspective
      • 4.1 Introduction
      • 4.2 A Consensus Perspective of Board Organization
      • 4.3 A Consensus Perspective of One-Tier Board Model Attributes
      • 4.4 A Consensus Perspective of Two-Tier Board Model Attributes
      • 4.5 Summary
    • Chapter 5: The Convergence of Boards
      • 5.1 Introduction
      • 5.2 The Role of Stock Exchanges in Corporate Governance
      • 5.3 The Draft Fifth Directive on Company Law
      • 5.4 The Role of Institutional Investors
      • 5.5 A Theoretical Model of Board Model Convergence
      • 5.6 Summary
    • Chapter 6: One-Tier Board Attributes in the US
      • 6.1 Introduction
      • 6.2 Federal Level: The Disclosure of Corporate Boards Under Federal Securities Laws
      • 6.3 State Level: The Attributes of One-Tier Boards Under State Corporation Laws
      • 6.4 Facts About Changing One-Tier Board Attributes
      • 6.5 Summary
    • Chapter 7: One-Tier Board Attributes in the UK
      • 7.1 Introduction
      • 7.2 Corporate Governance in the UK
      • 7.3 About Board Composition
      • 7.4 About Board Leadership Structures
      • 7.5 About Board Committees
      • 7.6 Facts About Changing One-Tier Board Attributes
      • 7.7 Summary
    • Chapter 8: Two-Tier Board Attributes Netherlands
      • 8.1 Introduction
      • 8.2 Corporate Governance in the Netherlands
      • 8.3 About Board Composition
      • 8.4 About Board Leadership Structures
      • 8.5 About Board Committees
      • 8.6 Facts About Changing Two-Tier Board Attributes
      • 8.7 Summary
    • Chapter 9: Comparing Changing Board Attributes
      • 9.1 Introduction
      • 9.2 The Transformation of Corporate Boards in the US and the UK
      • 9.3 The Transformation of Corporate Boards in the Netherlands
      • 9.4 The Convergence of Board Models
      • 9.5 The Implications of Research Findings
      • 9.6 Suggestions for Future Research
      • 9.7 Summary
    • End Notes
      • End Notes
    • References
      • References
    • Summary in Dutch
      • Samenvatting
  • Featured Publications
    • How Two-tier Boards can be More Effective
    • Role Ambiguity and Conflicts: A Study of Company Secretaries and Two-Tier Boards in the Netherlands
    • The Effectiveness of Supervisory Boards: An Exploratory Study of Challenges in Dutch Boardrooms
    • The Changing Role of the Supervisory Board Chairman: The Case of the Netherlands (1997–2007)
    • Investigating the Development of the Internal and External Service Tasks of Non-Executive Directors
    • The Netherlands - Board Index
    • A Review of International Corporate Governance Developments (in Dutch)
    • An International Comparison of Corporate Governance Models
    • The Effectiveness of Shareholders Meetings
    • On the Supposed Independence of Two-Tier Boards
    • The Importance of Disclosure in Corporate Governance Self-regulation Across Europe
    • Corporate Governance of Non-Listed Companies in Emerging Markets
    • Shareholders Rights Survey 2004 - 2005 Macedonia
    • The Emerging Role of Audit Committees
    • How the Private Sector can be Involved in the Development of Modern Business Standards
  • Studies
    • Analysis of the Law of the Republic of Armenia on Joint Stock Companies
    • USAID - Corporate Governance in Macedonia. An Analysis of Non-Listed Joint Stock Companies
    • Model Provisions on Investor Protection in CIS Member States
    • USAID Commercial Law and Institutional Review 2005 Macedonia
    • Commercial Law and Institutional Review 2003 Macedonia
    • OECD / IFC Fact-Sheet on Joint Stock Companies in Mongolia
    • OECD / IFC Fact-Sheet on Joint Stock Companies in Kazakhstan
    • OECD / IFC Armenia Corporate Governance Country Analysis
    • Corporate Governance Survey 2003 - 2004 Macedonia
  • Articles
    • De Adviserende Rol van Commissarissen in het Licht van de Code Tabaksblat
    • Gebruik Toezichthoudende Commissies Sterk Toegenomen in Nederland
    • Cumulative Voting and the Protection of Minority Shareholders in the CIS
    • Veranderingen in de Service-Rol van Commissarissen in Nederland (In Dutch)
    • Investigating the Development of the Internal and External Service Tasks of Non-executive Directors
    • Een Internationale Vergelijking van Corporate Governance Modellen
    • De Audit-Commissie van de Raad van Commissarissen in Nederland
    • SMEs and Corporate Social Responsibility
    • The Relationship Between Corporate Governance and the Performance of Joint Stock Companies
    • Independent Directors for Macedonian Joint Stock Companies
    • Major Transactions: How the Macedonian 2004 Company Law Protects Directors
    • Het Gebruik van Toezichthoudende Commissies Binnen Raden van Commissarissen
  • Working Papers
    • The Changing Role of Supervisory Board Chairman: The Case of the Netherlands (1997-2007)
    • Boardroom Dynamics of Two-tier Boards: How Non-Executive Directors Manage Working Relationships with Executives
    • The Effectiveness of Supervisory Boards: an Exploratory Study of Group Dynamics and Challenges in Dutch Board Rooms
    • The Influence of the Board of Directors on the Strategic Renewal Behavior of Listed Corporations
    • Assessing Corporate Responses to Changing Board Network Expectations in the Netherlands
    • The Hidden Effects of Corporate Governance Reform in the Netherlands
    • An Introduction to Organizational Economics
    • The Comparison of Corporate Governance Models
    • Comparing Major International Corporate Governance Models
    • Service Role of Boards
    • Demographic Diversity
    • The Service Role of Boards
    • Comparing Corporate Governance Models
    • The Importance of Independent Directors for Indonesian Boards of Directors
  • Manuals
    • Armenia Corporate Governance Manual
    • Russia Corporate Governance Manual
  • Master Thesis
    • Management Buy Out: A Palace Revolution?
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  • Board Index Research Series
    • 2005 NETHERLANDS BOARD INDEX Eighth Edition 2005
    • 1996 NETHERLANDS BOARD INDEX First Edition 1996
    • 2002 NETHERLANDS BOARD INDEX Six Edition 2002
    • 2008 NETHERLANDS BOARD INDEX Tenth Edition 2008
    • EUROPEAN BOARD INDEX Second Edition 2001
    • 1998 NETHERLANDS BOARD INDEX Third Edition 1998
    • 1999 NETHERLANDS BOARD INDEX Fourth Edition 1999
    • 2006 NETHERLANDS BOARD INDEX Ninth Edition 2006
    • 2000 - 2001 NETHERLANDS BOARD INDEX Fifth Edition 2000-2001
    • 2004 NETHERLANDS BOARD INDEX Seventh Edition 2004
    • 1997 NETHERLANDS BOARD INDEX Second Edition 1997
  • University Courses
    • Introduction to Business Course
      • Work Sheets
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        • You are participating in an experiment and please strictly follow the following rules
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        • Work sheets BCG PLC
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      • Course Administration Documents
        • Bus 110 Spring 2007 Syllabus chapter inserts
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        • evaluation 2007 Kabul
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      • Supporting Documents
        • Model Business Conduct Guidelines FINAL Afghanistan ENG
        • AdvancedExcelTraining
        • MP Workbook3
      • Powerpoints
        • JPM Presentation
        • boeing vs airbus strategic planning
        • Introduction to BUS 110
        • Survey results
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        • Management and Planning
        • HRD
        • communication
        • The history of Management Part I
        • leadership
        • Organizing Work Part I
        • Introduction to Marketing
        • 20 minutes
        • Interview of Job Applicants - 11 April 2007
        • Management and Decision Making
        • Why Companies exist and managers are needed 1
        • Organizing Work Part II
        • conflicts
        • motivating staff
        • Understanding working groups and information flows
        • Introduction to CSR
        • The history of Management Part II
      • All Documents in One Zip File - American University of Afghanistan Course
    • International Corporate Governance Strategy and Performance
      • Course Description 2009 Week I - International Corporate Governance Strategy and Performance – BKMME45-08 - Rotterdam School of Management.doc
    • Introduction to International Securities Markets
      • Evaluation International Winter University Macedonia IWUM 2005 REPORT.pdf
      • Course Description International Winter University Macedonia IWUM 2005.pdf
      • Executive Summary & Main Recommendations International Winter University Macedonia IWUM 2005 REPORT.pdf
      • International Winter University Macedonia IWUM 2005 REPORT.pdf
    • SEE University
      • Corporate Social Responsibility and the Management of Corporations. - Course description SEE University 2004.pdf
    • Law Faculty Methodius University
      • Methodius University Postgraduate Program English Translation.doc
    • European Institute of Public Administration
      • Experiences of Implementing Corporate Governance in Transition Economies A Practitioner’s View - EIPA.pptm
  • Kluwer Handboek
  • Learning Center Quizzes
    • General Questions Related to USAID.pdf
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  • Academic Publications
    • Ph.D. Thesis
      • Stellingen - Dissertation - An International Comparison of Corporate Governance Models - In Dutch
      • Dissertation Full Text - An International Comparison of Corporate Governance Models
      • Press Release - Dissertation - An International Comparison of Corporate Governance Models - In Dutch
      • Summary - Dissertation - An International Comparison of Corporate Governance Models - In Dutch
    • Master Thesis on Management Buy-Outs (in Dutch)
      • Management Buy-Out. Een Paleisrevolutie.pdf
    • Working Papers
      • Reform Strategies for Boards of Directors in Emerging Markets
        • Reform Strategies for Boards of Directors in Emerging Markets - How the Private Sector can be Involved in the Development and Implementation of Modern Business Standards.pdf
        • Reform Strategies for Boards of Directors in Emerging Markets - How the Private Sector can be Involved in the Development and Implementation of Modern Business Standards.ppt
        • March 2010 Reform Strategies for Boards of Directors in Emerging Markets version 1.pptx
      • Comparing Major International Corporate Governance Models - A Convergence of One-tier and Two-tier Board Models.pdf
      • THE INFLUENCE OT THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ON THE STRATEGIC RENEWAL BEHAVIOR OF LISTED CORPORATIONS.pdf
      • The Hidden Effects of Corporate Governance Reform in the Netherlands - non-executive directors’ changing external and internal service roles.pdf
      • Assessing corporate responses to changing board network expectations.pdf
      • The Importance of Independent Directors for Indonesian Boards of Directors A Review of the EU Corporate Governance Action Plan
      • Boardroom Dynamics of two-tier boards: How non-executive directors manage working relationships with executives.
    • Published Articles
      • Corporate Governance and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: How SMEs Can Benefit from Corporate Governance Principles and Corporate Social Responsibility.
        • Corporate Governance and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises How SMEs Can Benefit from Corporate Governance Principles and Corporate Social Responsibility
        • SMEs and Corporate Governance 2004.ppt
        • SMEs and Corporate Governance 2004_mac_revised.ppt
      • The Relationship Between Corporate Governance and the Performance of Joint Stock Companies. How the Macedonian Company Law Can Help
        • The Relationship Between Corporate Governance and the Performance of Joint Stock Companies. How the Macedonian Company Law Can Help
        • Powerpoint - The Relationship Between Corporate Governance and the Performance of Joint Stock Companies. How the Macedonian Company Law Can Help
      • Major Transactions: How the Macedonian 2004 Company Law Protects Directors, Managers and Shareholders
        • Major Transactions How the Macedonian 2004 Company Law Protects Directors, Managers and Shareholders
        • Major transactions presentation MBLA May 2004.ppt
        • Macedonian Company Law Final Version December 2004.pdf
      • De Adviserende Rol Van Commissarissen In Het Licht Van De Code Tabaksblat Minder Overlappende Commissariaten, Meer Interne Verantwoordelijkheden
      • The importance of disclosure in corporate governance self-regulation across Europe - A review of the Winter Report and the EU Action Plan
      • The Emerging Role of Audit Committees
      • Een internationale vergelijking van corporate governance modellen - is er sprake van convergentie
      • On the Supposed independence of Two-tier Boards - Formal Structure and Reality in the Netherlands
      • Veranderingen in de servicerol van commissarissen in Nederland
      • De audit-commissie van de Raad van Commissarissen in Nederland - Een internationaal perspectief
      • The changing role of the supervisory board chairman the case of the Netherlands (1997–2007)
      • Investigating the Development of the Internal and External Service Tasks of Non-executive Directors the case of the Netherlands (1997–2005)
      • Het Gebruik Van Toezichthoudende Commissies Binnen Raden Van Commissarissen In Beursgenoteerde Ondernemingen
      • Independent Directors for Macedonian Joint Stock Companies. Why the Proposed Company Law Should Emphasize Disclosure Requirements
      • Gebruik Van Toezichthoudende Commissies Sterk Toegenomen - Stand Van Zaken In Honderd Nederlandse Beursgenoteerde Ondernemingen
    • Chapters in Publications
      • Maassen and Brown on the Effectiveness of Shareholders Meetings.pdf
      • Maassen and Latif on Non-Listed Joint Stock Companies in Macedonia.pdf
      • Cumulative Voting and the Protection of Minority Shareholders in the CIS
  • Business Tools
    • Armenian Corporate Governance Manual
      • Additional Insert - Corporate Governance Manual for Armenia English Version.pdf
      • Corporate Governance Manual for Armenia Armenian Version.pdf
      • Corporate Governance Manual for Armenia English Version.pdf
    • Russian Corporate Governance Manual
      • Russia Corporate Governance Manual Full Text.pdf
    • Model Business Conduct Guidelines.pdf
  • Economic and Legal Reform Studies
    • Investor Protection CIS
      • Model Legislative Provisions of the CIS on Investor Protection.pdf
    • Armenian Law on Joint Stock Companies
      • Draft Law on Joint Stock Companies Armenia June 18 2001 Armenia.pdf
      • Analysis Law on Joint Stock Companies Armenia 2000.pdf
      • Final Law on Joint Stock Companies Armenia 2001.pdf
    • Commercial Law and Institutional Review Macedonia
      • Commercial Law and Institutional Review 2005 Macedonia PowerPoint Presentation.ppt
      • Commercial Law and Institutional Review 2003 Macedonia.pdf
      • Commercial Law and Institutional Review 2005 Macedonia.pdf
    • Fact Sheets on Joint Stock Companies
      • Analysis on Joint Stock Companies for OECD Kazakhstan.pdf
      • Analysis on Joint Stock Companies for OECD Mongolia.pdf
    • Corporate Governance Country Analysis - Armenia
      • Agenda 2nd Meeting of the Eurasian Corporate Governance Roundtable - Georgia Tbilisi 7-8 June 2001.pdf
      • Transparency and Disclosure SURVEY - Armenia - 2nd Meeting of the Eurasian Corporate Governance Roundtable Russian_version.pdf
      • Transparency and Disclosure SURVEY - Armenia - 2nd Meeting of the Eurasian Corporate Governance Roundtable.pdf
    • Corporate Governance Country Analysis - Macedonia
      • CG&CL_ENTERPRISE_SURVEY_ RESULTS_ 2003_data_book_english.pdf
      • CG&CL_ENTERPRISE_SURVEY_ RESULTS_ 2003_powerpoint_english.pdf
      • Corporate Governance in Macedonia_ A census of JSCs_Gregory Maassen and Samir Latif_EMG.pdf
    • Shareholders' rights survey 2004 - 2005 Macedonia
      • 2004 CGCL SHAREHOLDER PREZ CORP GOV COUNCIL.ppt
      • 2004 SHAREHOLDER SURVEY DATABOOK.pdf
      • Shareholder rights in Macedonia_Maassen_Carson_Latif.pdf
  • Fraud Mitigation Tools
    • Fraud Awareness Handbook USAID Office of the Inspector General 052201.pdf
    • Fraud Reporting Guidance for USAID Implementing Partners Office of the Inspector General PDACR319.pdf
• (icon-display) Overview
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  • USAID Resources
    • USAID Regulatory Reform
      • Contract Review Board (CRB) Threshold Increased
      • Source/Origin/Nationality Blanket Waiver
      • Fixed Obligation Grants (FOGs) - Amendments to ADS 303 Grants and Cooperative Agreements to Non-Governmental Organizations
    • USAID Business Forecasts
    • An Analysis of Regulatory Compliance Recommendations
    • Annual Review Plan USAID Office of the Inspector General
    • USAID Top Vendors - Contractors and Grantees - FY 2010
    • USAID Top Vendors - Contractors and Grantees - FY 2007
    • USAID Top Vendors - Contractors and Grantees - FY 2006
    • USAID Top Country Recipients - FY 2010
    • USAID Top Vendors - Contractors and Grantees - FY 2011
    • USAID Foreign Assistance Dashboard - Statistics on USG Foreign AID
    • USAID Clearinghouse RSS Feed Development Assistance
    • USAID Clearinghouse RSS Feed Economic Reform
    • USAID Clearinghouse RSS Feed Vacancies
    • USAID Clearinghouse RSS Feed Democracy and Governance
  • Audit Database Project Compliance Recommendations
    • Financial Management and Budgets
      • Obligated Program Funds - ADS 202.3 - ADS 602.3
      • Program Funding Plans - ADS 202.3.7 - FAR 16.306 (d)(1)
      • Ensure That Costs Are Appropriate - ADS 596.3.1 - 634.3.2
      • Financial Audits of Subrecipients Were Not Completed - ADS 591.3.2.1
      • Mission Could Not Determine Whether Food Storage and Distribution Costs Were Reasonable - ADS 596.3.1 - Food for Peace Act - Office of Management and Budget Circular A-122, “Cost Principles for Non-Profit Organizations,” Attachment A
      • Unreasonable Costs Charged to USAID - Office of Management and Budget Circular A-122
      • Contract Budgeting Did Not Align With Program Areas - ADS 200.3.2
      • Project Funding Was Not Authorized - Title 22 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 226, Administration of Assistance Awards to U.S. Non-Governmental Organizations, section 226.25, Revision of Budget and Program Plans - (ADS) 303.3.18(a) - ADS 601.3.1
    • Cash Disbursement
      • Cash Disbursements Requirements - Title 22 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Section 226.21(b)(6)
    • Per Diem and Allowances
      • Beneficiaries Received Incorrect Per Diem Payments - ADS 596.3.1 - ADS 596.3.2 - Government Accountability Office’s Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government
    • Asset Management and Transfer
      • Conduct Property End-Use Checks - Code of Federal Regulations, Title 22: Foreign Relations, Part 226.34 - ADS 324
      • The Process for Resolving Food Losses - 22 CFR 211.9(f)(e) - Food for Peace Handbook
      • Adequate Controls Over Food Distribution Were Not Fully Implemented - Principle IV-2 of the Generally Accepted Commodity Accountability Principles - 22 CFR 211.10(a) - Principle II-3 of the Generally Accepted Commodity Accountability
      • Storage Conditions for Food Commodities Need Improvement - Generally Accepted Commodity Accountability Principles - 22 CFR 211.10(c) - 22 CFR 211.5(a)
      • Requiring Containerization Has Not Been Fully Considered - Principle IV-2 of the Generally Accepted Commodity Accountability Principles
      • Assets May Have Been Diverted - GAO’s “Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government
      • Strengthen Commodity Controls - P.L. 480 Handbook
      • Options for Unused Equipment - ADS 324.5.4b
      • Adequate Controls Over Food Distribution Were Not Fully Implemented - Principle II-3 of the Generally Accepted Commodity Accountability Principles - 22 CFR 211.10(a)
      • Storage Conditions for Food Commodities Need Improvement - Generally Accepted Commodity Accountability Principles, Principle IV-2,11 - 22 CFR 211.5(b) - USAID Commodity Reference Guide
      • Assets Were Missing, Diverted, and Sold for Profit - GAO publication Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government, pages 14 and 15
      • Partner Did Not Track or Manage Inventory Effectively - ADS 596.3.1 - GAO’s publication Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government
      • Sustainability of Facilities Is Questionable - Section 611(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961
      • Contractor’s Property Accounting System Was Not Approved, and Required Reports Were Not Submitted - USAID Acquisition Regulation (AIDAR) 752.245-71 - AIDAR 752.245-70 - ADS 629.3.3.2
      • Property Transfers Were Not Appropriate - Title 22 Code of Federal Regulations Part 226, Administration of Assistance Awards to U.S. Non-Governmental Organizations, Section 226.34, Equipment - U.S. Government Accountability Office issued Standards for Int
      • Plan for End-Use Checks of Donated Commodities is Not Available - Automated Directives System (ADS) 324.5.6,
      • Inventory is Not Tracked or Managed Effectively - ADS 596.3.1 - U.S. Government Accountability Office’s publication Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government
    • Environmental Assessments
      • Environmental Requirements in Solicitations and Awards - 22 CFR 216 - ADS 204
      • Implementing Partner is Not In Compliance With Environmental Procedures - Code of Federal Regulations Title 22 Section 216, “Environmental Procedures - ADS 204
      • Environmental Expertise - ADS 204
      • Improve Environmental Monitoring Procedures and Practices - 22 CFR 216.3.a.8 - ADS 204.3.4.b
      • Incorporate Environmental Assessment Requirements in Solicitations and Awards - ADS 204.3.4.a.6 - ADS 303.3.6.3.e - ADS 204.3.8
      • Environmental Procedures - 22 CFR 216
      • Revisions to Environmental Assessments Delay Agreements - Section 117 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended and as reflected in ADS Chapter 204, Environmental Procedures - ADS 202
      • Environmental Procedures Not Followed - Title 22 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 216, “Environmental Procedures” Section 216.2(d)
      • Required Environmental Assessments Were Not Carried Out - Title 22 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 216, “Environmental Procedures.” Section 216.2(d)(1) - Section 216.2(d)(2)
      • Environmental Monitoring Was Not Conducted - 22 CFR 216, Environmental Procedures - ADS 204, Environmental Procedures - ADS 204.2.c
      • Awards Without Conducting Required Environmental Assessments - Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, Section 117 - 22 CFR 216 - ADS 201.3.11.2 - ADS 204.3.4
    • Religious Organizations
      • Building of Religious Structures - Title 22 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Section 205(d), “Participation by Religious Organizations in USAID Programs”
    • Branding and Outreach
      • USAID’s Marking Requirement Is Not Being Followed - ADS 320.3
      • USAID Branding Requirements not Followed - ADS 320 - 22 U.S.C. § 2401
      • Implementer Has Not Complied With the Project Branding and Marking Plan - ADS 320
      • USAID Branding and Marking Requirements Are Not Being Followed - Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, Public Law 87–195, section 641 - ADS 320
      • Branding Requirements Were Not Followed - ADS 320, Branding and Marking - Section 641 of USAID’s framework legislation, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961
      • Implementing Partner Need to Adhere to Branding and Marking Policy - ADS 320.3.1 - ADS 320.3.2.4
      • Adhering to Branding Requirements - ADS 320
      • USAID Branding and Marking Guidelines Were Not Followed
      • Partner Did Not Adhere to Branding Requirements - ADS 320
      • Branding Policy Not Enforced - Section 641 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 - 22 U.S.C. 2401.
      • Obtain Commitment From Beneficiaries - USAID’s joint Strategic Plan, Fiscal Years 2007–2012 - ADS 596.3.1 - GAO Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government2 GAO/AIMD-00-21.3.1 (11/99), page 15
      • USAID-Funded Publications Not Properly Marked - 22 CFR 226.91
      • Implementers’ Branding and Public Announcement Efforts Not Monitored - ADS 320.3.1 - ADS 320.2a(3)
      • Locations Lacked USAID Branding - Section 641 of USAID's framework legislation, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 - ADS 320, ?Branding and Marking
      • Items Funded by USAID Were Not Properly Marked - ADS 320.3.3
      • Effectiveness of USAID Branding Needs to Be Improved - section 641 of USAID’s framework legislation, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, codified as amended in 22 U.S.C. 2401 - ADS 320.3.4.5 - , 22 CFR 211.5(h)
      • Subcontractor Did Not Manage Beneficiary Expectations Effectively - USAID’s Nine Principles of Development and Reconstruction Assistance
      • Public Awareness of U.S. Efforts Needs To Be Improved - ADS 320 - Section 641 of USAID’s framework legislation - the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, codified as amended in 22 U.S.C. 2401
      • Branding and Marking Plan Not Approved - ADS 320 - Section 641 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 - 22 CFR 226.91
      • Locations Do Not Have Adequate Branding - ADS 320.3.2.4.a-b
    • Anti-Trafficking
      • Establish Baseline Data on Trafficking Victims - Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, Section 621A, 22 U.S.C. 2381a - ADS 203.3.4.5
      • The William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008 (the Wilberforce Act), Public Law 110-457 - Section 106(g) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7104) - FAR Clause 52.222-50
    • Anti-Terrorism
      • Review and Obtain Antiterrorism Certifications - ADS 596.3 - Executive Order 13224
      • Required Antiterrorism Provisions Were Not Included in Some Subawards – Executive Order 13224 on Terrorism Financing
      • Ensure That Antiterrorism Measures Are Conducted - ADS 303 - Assistance Policy Directive 04-14, Certification Regarding Terrorist Financing Implementing E.O. 13224, issued on September 24, 2004 - Executive Order 13224
      • Project Documentation to Ensure Adequate Monitoring Not Reviewed - ADS 303.2.f - ADS 596.3.1
      • Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Persons Who Commit, Threaten To Commit, or Support Terrorism - Executive Order 13224 of September 23, 2001
    • Grants Management
      • Cost-Sharing Regulations - 22 CFR 226
      • Various Bank Accounts Were Used to Manage Program Expenses - ADS 303
      • Monitoring Cost-Sharing Contributions - ADS 302.2
      • Strengthen Monitoring of Partners’ Performance - ADS 303.3
      • Monitor Cost Share Contributions - ADS 303.3.10.4, Meeting Cost Sharing Requirements
      • Grants With Special Conditions Were Not Monitored and Were Susceptible to Fraud - (22 CFR 226.14, “Special Award Conditions”) - ADS 303.3.9.2, “High Risk Recipients"
    • Host Country Requirements
      • Program Activities and Sustainability - ADS 201.3 - ADS 303
      • Program Design Should not Hinder Achievement of Stated Goal - ADS 201 - ADS 200.3
      • Program Design and Sustainable Development Methods
      • Sustainability Requirements - 22 U.S.C. 2361
      • Develop Negotiation Points for Tax Exemptions for USAID-Funded Property - ADS 155.3.2
      • Program Lacked Approval as Required by Governmental Regulations
    • Monitoring and Evaluation
      • Indicators to Measure Higher Level Results - ADS 203.3
      • Program’s Indicators, Targets and Goals Should Be Revisited - ADS 203
      • Reported Results Did Not Meet Data Quality Standards - ADS 203.3
      • Baseline Data, Indicators, and Targets Needed to Measure Progress and Achievement - ADS Chapter 203
      • Indicators Do Not Effectively Measure Program Impact - ADS 203.3.2.2 - ADS 200.2.b
      • Performance Data Lacked Support - ADS 203.3
      • Performance Indicators and Targets Did Not Facilitate Program Management - ADS 203.3
      • Setting Performance Targets for Partners - ADS 203
      • Thorough Site Visits Not Conducted - ADS 202.3 - Performance Management Toolkit
      • Data Quality Assessments Not Completed - ADS 203.3.5 - Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103–62) - Performance Management Toolkit
      • Performance Management Plan Not Completed - ADS 203.3 - Performance Management Toolkit
      • Performance Indicator Definitions Not Consistently Applied - ADS 203.3 - GAO Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government
      • Reported Results Were Not Verified – ADS 203.3.5.1. - ADS 202.3.6.
      • Partner Implementation Plans Lacked Vital Information – ADS 200.6
      • Lack of a Current Performance Management Plan (PMP) - ADS 203.3.3
      • Thorough Site Visits Were Not Conducted - ADS 202.3.4.6 - ADS 202.3.6
      • Data Quality Assessments Were Not Completed - ADS 203.3.5.2 - Performance and Results Act of 1993
      • Performance Management Plan Was Not Completed - ADS 203.3.3
      • Improve Data Quality and Program Monitoring - ADS 203.3.5.1 - ADS 203.3.5.3.b
      • Performance Management Plans Were Not Approved - ADS 203.3.3
      • Monitoring and Evaluation of Activities Was Weak - ADS 303.2(f) - ADS 203.3.5.2
      • Some Results Reported by Implementing Partners Were Unsupported or Inaccurate - ADS 203.3.5.1. - ADS 203.3.5.2 - ADS 203.3.2.2
      • Performance Targets Were Inconsistent - ADS 203.3.4.5 - ADS 203.3.2.2
      • Impact Indicators Not Tracked - ADS 203.3.4
      • Develop Indicators and Targets to Measure Progress and Achievement of Project Goals - Assistance Act of 1961, Section 621A, 22 U.S.C. 2381a - ADS 203.3.
      • Verify and document reported results periodically for PMP - (ADS) 203.3.4 - ADS 596, Management’s Responsibility for Internal Control
      • Performance Management Plan Needs to Be Improved - ADS 203.3.3 - ADS 203.3.4.6
      • Verify Reported Data - ADS 303.2
      • Management of Performance Data Needs to Be Improved - ADS 203.3.5.1
      • Performance Management Plan Was Not Updated ADS 203.3
      • Partners Set Unrealistic Targets for Development Programs - ADS 200.2 - ADS 203
      • Performance Targets Set Too Low - ADS 203.3.4.5
      • Too Much Credit Claimed for the Results Achieved - ADS 203.3.4.2
      • Improve Reporting on Activities - USAID’s guidance for the FY 2009 Performance Plan and Report (PPR)
      • Fiscal Year [...] Performance Management Plan Not Developed - ADS 203.3.3 - USAID’s Performance Management Toolkit
      • An Evaluation May Help Determine Program Impact - ADS 203.3.6
      • Reported Results Are Not Useful for Program Management - ADS 203.3.2.1.c - ADS 203.3.5.1 - ADS 203.3.5.2
      • Field Activities Do Not Correlate Well With Program Indicators - ADS 203.3.4.1 - ADS 203.3.4.2.e
      • Strengthen Data Reporting - ADS 203.3.5.1 - USAID’s Performance Management Toolkit
      • Data Collection and Reporting Did Not Always Yield Useful Information - ADS 203.
      • Program Targets Were Not Clearly Defined - ADS 203
      • Data Reported for a Key Indicator Were Not Consistent With the Indicator Definition - ADS 203
      • Some Reported Results Were Not Reliable - ADS 203
      • Impact Indicators Were Not Measured - ADS 203.3.2 - ADS 203.3.4.5
      • Data Quality Assessment Recommendations Were Not Fully Implemented - ADS 203.3.5.1
      • The Reliability of Performance Data Is Unknown - ADS 202.3.6 - USAID’s Performance Management Toolkit
      • Reporting on Key Indicators Needs to Be Improved - ADS 203.3.5.1
      • Performance Targets Were Not Disaggregated by Gender - ADS 200.5
      • Performance Indicators and Targets Are Inappropriate Measures of Program Progress - (ADS) 203.3.5.1 - ADS 203.3.4.5
      • Inaccurate Performance Data Reported - ADS 203.3.2.1 - ADS 203.3.5.1 - Government Performance and Results Act of 1993
      • Late Submission of Performance Management Plan - ADS 203.3 - 203.3.3.1 - ADS 203.5.1
      • Some Main Indicators Were Not Included in Monitoring Plans - ADS 203.3.2 - ADS 203.3.8.3
      • Outdated Results - ADS 203.3.5.1
      • Missing Baselines, Targets, and Cumulative Results - ADS 203.3.4.5
      • Performance Measurements Did Not Reflect Project Impact - (ADS) 203.3.4
      • Did Not Conduct Data Quality Assessments for Key Data Reported to USAID Headquarters - ADS 203.3.5.2
      • Performance Management Plan Was Not Current, Not Realistic, Not Aligned With Implemented Projects, and Not Used - ADS 200.6 - ADS 203.3.3
      • Program Evaluation by Mission Was Not Shared With Contractor - ADS 203.3.6.7
      • Performance Results Were Not Measured, Reported, or Supported - (ADS) 203.3.5.1
      • Contractor Data Did Not Accurately Reflected Outreach Efforts - (ADS) Chapter 203 - section 203.3.5.2 - ADS 203.3.5.1
      • Program Did Not Conduct Required Gender Analysis
      • Coverage of Gender in HIV/AIDS Programming Left Gaps - The Lantos-Hyde Act
      • Partner Results Were Not Verifiable - ADS 203.3.5.1 - ADS 203.3.5.2
      • Program Targets Were Imprecise - ADS 203.3.4.5 - ADS 203.3.7.1
      • Targets for Key Interventions Were Not Sufficient to Track Progress - Automated Directives System 203.3.4.5
      • Program Performance Reporting Needs Improvement - Automated Directives System 203.3.2.
      • Monitoring and Evaluation Plan Was Not in Compliance With the Task Order
      • Unrealistic Annual Performance Targets - ADS 203.3.4.5
      • Inaccuracy of the Reported Performance Data - Automated Directives System (ADS) 203.3.5.1
      • Unrealistic Performance Targets - ADS 203.3.2.2.b
      • Tracked Too Many Indicators, Some Loosely Defined - ADS 200.6 - ADS 203.3.4.2 - ADS 203.3.3.1
      • Reported Results Are Not Verifiable - Automated Directives System (ADS) 203.3.5.2
    • Internal Control and Anti-Corruption
      • Program Oversight - ADS 303 - ADS 202.3 - ADS 203.3
      • File Documentation - Procurement Executive Bulletin (PEB 2005-06)
      • Monitoring and Oversight Needs Improvement - ADS 596.3
      • Staff Overrode Management Controls - (GAO) Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government - ADS 303.3
      • Review and Test Conflict-of-Interest Mitigating Processes - ADS 596 - Standards for Internal Controls in the Federal Government - USAID Contract and Information Bulletin 99-17
      • Suspension and Debarment - FAR 9.4 - 22 CFR 208
      • Potential Corruption Went Unreported - USAID’s Handbook on Fighting Corruption
      • Contractor Lacked a Code of Business Ethics and Conduct - Federal Acquisition Regulation Clause 52.203–13
      • Subcontractor Had a Conflict of Interest - FAR Subpart 9.5 Organizational and Consultant Conflicts of Interest - Contract Information Bulletin 99-17
    • Awards and Contracts
      • Intellectual Property Rights Clauses in Agreements - ADS 318.2
      • Program Lacks a Detailed Gender Strategy - ADS 201.3.9.3
      • Prioritize or Follow Up on Significant Vulnerabilities - ADS 303.3.9.2
      • The Authorization to Make Changes to the Contract’s Terms and Conditions
      • Contractor Overbilling - FAR 31.2, Contracts with Commercial Organizations
      • Contractor Performance Reviews Were Not Completed - FAR 42.15024 - USAID Acquisition Regulation (AIDAR) 742.15
      • Unauthorized Commitments - 22 CFR 226.25(e) - ADS 303.3
      • Conduct Audits of Foreign Organizations - ADS 591.3.2 - Guidelines for Financial Audits Contracted by Foreign Recipients - General Act of 1978
      • Implementing Partner Record Retention Regulations - 22 CFR 226.53(b)
      • Verify Continued Separate Maintenance Allowance Eligibility - Department of State Standardized Regulations, General Provisions, Section 077.3, Granting Allowances and Difficult to Staff Incentive Differential on SF-1190 (Foreign Allowances Application
      • Local Subgrantees Need Codes of Conduct for Interactions with Orphans and Vulnerable Children - U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator (OGAC) Guidance July 2006
      • Technical Representative Requirements - ADS 458.3.5.5 - ADS 303.3.14
      • Assistance Awards and Requirements - ADS 303 - ADS 621.3.4
      • Certification Regarding Responsibility Matters - FAR 9.104-6 - FAR 9.105-2(b) - FAR 9.4
      • Excluded Parties List System Reviews During the Bidding and Awarding Process - FAR 9.404 - 22 CFR 208 - ADS 502.5.1b - FAR 9.405(d) - FAR 9.105-2(b)
      • Strengthen Program Oversight - ADS 302
      • Implementer Performed Unauthorized Program Activities - ADS 202.3.6.1
      • Ensure That Funding Requests Are Appropriate - ADS 602.3.2
      • Strengthen Oversight of Renovation Activities - FAR Part 36, “Construction and Architect-Engineer Contracts” - GAO/AIMD-00-21.3.1 (11/99), page 20
      • Mission Did Not Complete Contractor Performance Review - USAID Acquisition Regulation 742.15 (also known as 48 CFR 742.1502) - FAR 42.1502
      • Contracting Officials Did Not Document Contract Files or Communicate Adequately - 22 CFR 226 - FAR 4.801 (b)
      • Fixed-Amount Reimbursement Agreements Reduce Risk - ADS Supplemental 317
      • Contract Not Adequately Reviewed by Contract Review Board - (ADS) 302.3.1.2 - Contract Review Board Guidelines
      • Questionable Spending Occurred - Federal Acquisition Regulations 52.216-7 and 52.216-8 USAID Acquisition Regulation 752.7003 FAR Subpart 31.2-Contracts with Commercial Organizations
      • Contracting Mechanism Used for Program is not Appropriate - Federal Acquisition Regulation 16.505(a)(2) - supplemental policy to ADS 302, Indefinite Quantity Contract (IQC): Task Order Work Statement Development Checklist - Competition in Contracting Act
      • Lack of Effective Program Oversight - ADS 302-Procedures for Designating the COTR for Contracts and Task Orders - ADS 303- Agreement Officer’s Technical Representative (AOTR) Designation – Cooperative Agreement Administration.
      • Subcontracts Lacked Supporting Documentation and Were Susceptible to Fraud - (FAR) 31.201-2(d)
      • Voluntary Population Planning Language Was Not Included in Subcontracts - USAID Acquisition Regulation (AIDAR) 752.7101, Voluntary Population Planning Activities
      • Appropriate Records Were Not Retained - Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) 52.215-2, Audit and Records – Negotiation
      • Source Origin Requirements Were Not Met - ADS 310, Source, Origin, and Nationality of Commodities - the Foreign Assistance Act Section 604 - ADS 310.5.5
      • Approval for Subawards Was Not Obtained - 22 CFR Part 226, Administration of Assistance Awards to U.S. Non-Governmental Organizations, Section 226.25(c)(8)
    • Training
      • Participant Training Requirement Not In Place - ADS 253.3.1
      • Training Effectiveness is not Evaluated - ADS 253.3 - ADS 203.3.2
      • TraiNet Reporting Not Accurate - ADS 253.3 - ADS 253.3.4.5 (b)
      • Process for Evaluating Training Effectiveness is Inadequate - ADS 253.3 - ADS 203.3.2
    • Search and Analyze Recommendations
      • Search Audit Recommendations
    • Branding and Outreach
      • USAID’s Marking Requirement Is Not Being Followed - ADS 320.3
      • USAID Branding Requirements not Followed - ADS 320 - 22 U.S.C. § 2401
      • Implementer Has Not Complied With the Project Branding and Marking Plan - ADS 320
      • USAID Branding and Marking Requirements Are Not Being Followed - Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, Public Law 87–195, section 641 - ADS 320
      • Branding Requirements Were Not Followed - ADS 320, Branding and Marking - Section 641 of USAID’s framework legislation, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961
      • Implementing Partner Need to Adhere to Branding and Marking Policy - ADS 320.3.1 - ADS 320.3.2.4
      • Adhering to Branding Requirements - ADS 320
      • USAID Branding and Marking Guidelines Were Not Followed
      • Partner Did Not Adhere to Branding Requirements - ADS 320
      • Branding Policy Not Enforced - Section 641 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 - 22 U.S.C. 2401.
      • Obtain Commitment From Beneficiaries - USAID’s joint Strategic Plan, Fiscal Years 2007–2012 - ADS 596.3.1 - GAO Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government2 GAO/AIMD-00-21.3.1 (11/99), page 15
      • USAID-Funded Publications Not Properly Marked - 22 CFR 226.91
      • Implementers’ Branding and Public Announcement Efforts Not Monitored - ADS 320.3.1 - ADS 320.2a(3)
      • Locations Lacked USAID Branding - Section 641 of USAID's framework legislation, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 - ADS 320, ?Branding and Marking
      • Items Funded by USAID Were Not Properly Marked - ADS 320.3.3
      • Effectiveness of USAID Branding Needs to Be Improved - section 641 of USAID’s framework legislation, the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, codified as amended in 22 U.S.C. 2401 - ADS 320.3.4.5 - , 22 CFR 211.5(h)
      • Subcontractor Did Not Manage Beneficiary Expectations Effectively - USAID’s Nine Principles of Development and Reconstruction Assistance
      • Public Awareness of U.S. Efforts Needs To Be Improved - ADS 320 - Section 641 of USAID’s framework legislation - the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, codified as amended in 22 U.S.C. 2401
      • Branding and Marking Plan Not Approved - ADS 320 - Section 641 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 - 22 CFR 226.91
      • Locations Do Not Have Adequate Branding - ADS 320.3.2.4.a-b
    • Anti-Trafficking
      • Establish Baseline Data on Trafficking Victims - Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, Section 621A, 22 U.S.C. 2381a - ADS 203.3.4.5
      • The William Wilberforce Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008 (the Wilberforce Act), Public Law 110-457 - Section 106(g) of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7104) - FAR Clause 52.222-50
    • Anti-Terrorism
      • Review and Obtain Antiterrorism Certifications - ADS 596.3 - Executive Order 13224
      • Required Antiterrorism Provisions Were Not Included in Some Subawards – Executive Order 13224 on Terrorism Financing
      • Ensure That Antiterrorism Measures Are Conducted - ADS 303 - Assistance Policy Directive 04-14, Certification Regarding Terrorist Financing Implementing E.O. 13224, issued on September 24, 2004 - Executive Order 13224
      • Project Documentation to Ensure Adequate Monitoring Not Reviewed - ADS 303.2.f - ADS 596.3.1
      • Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Persons Who Commit, Threaten To Commit, or Support Terrorism - Executive Order 13224 of September 23, 2001
    • Grants Management
      • Cost-Sharing Regulations - 22 CFR 226
      • Various Bank Accounts Were Used to Manage Program Expenses - ADS 303
      • Monitoring Cost-Sharing Contributions - ADS 302.2
      • Strengthen Monitoring of Partners’ Performance - ADS 303.3
      • Grants With Special Conditions Were Not Monitored and Were Susceptible to Fraud - (22 CFR 226.14, “Special Award Conditions”) - ADS 303.3.9.2, “High Risk Recipients"
      • Monitor Cost Share Contributions - ADS 303.3.10.4, Meeting Cost Sharing Requirements
    • Environmental Assessments
      • Environmental Requirements in Solicitations and Awards - 22 CFR 216 - ADS 204
      • Implementing Partner is Not In Compliance With Environmental Procedures - Code of Federal Regulations Title 22 Section 216, “Environmental Procedures - ADS 204
      • Environmental Expertise - ADS 204
      • Improve Environmental Monitoring Procedures and Practices - 22 CFR 216.3.a.8 - ADS 204.3.4.b
      • Incorporate Environmental Assessment Requirements in Solicitations and Awards - ADS 204.3.4.a.6 - ADS 303.3.6.3.e - ADS 204.3.8
      • Environmental Procedures - 22 CFR 216
      • Revisions to Environmental Assessments Delay Agreements - Section 117 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended and as reflected in ADS Chapter 204, Environmental Procedures - ADS 202
      • Environmental Procedures Not Followed - Title 22 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 216, “Environmental Procedures” Section 216.2(d)
      • Required Environmental Assessments Were Not Carried Out - Title 22 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 216, “Environmental Procedures.” Section 216.2(d)(1) - Section 216.2(d)(2)
      • Environmental Monitoring Was Not Conducted - 22 CFR 216, Environmental Procedures - ADS 204, Environmental Procedures - ADS 204.2.c
      • Awards Without Conducting Required Environmental Assessments - Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, Section 117 - 22 CFR 216 - ADS 201.3.11.2 - ADS 204.3.4
    • Religious Organizations
      • Building of Religious Structures - Title 22 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Section 205(d), “Participation by Religious Organizations in USAID Programs”
    • Financial Management and Budgets
      • Obligated Program Funds - ADS 202.3 - ADS 602.3
      • Program Funding Plans - ADS 202.3.7 - FAR 16.306 (d)(1)
      • Ensure That Costs Are Appropriate - ADS 596.3.1 - 634.3.2
      • Financial Audits of Subrecipients Were Not Completed - ADS 591.3.2.1
      • Mission Could Not Determine Whether Food Storage and Distribution Costs Were Reasonable - ADS 596.3.1 - Food for Peace Act - Office of Management and Budget Circular A-122, “Cost Principles for Non-Profit Organizations,” Attachment A
      • Unreasonable Costs Charged to USAID - Office of Management and Budget Circular A-122
      • Contract Budgeting Did Not Align With Program Areas - ADS 200.3.2
      • Project Funding Was Not Authorized - Title 22 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 226, Administration of Assistance Awards to U.S. Non-Governmental Organizations, section 226.25, Revision of Budget and Program Plans - (ADS) 303.3.18(a) - ADS 601.3.1
    • Monitoring and Evaluation
      • Indicators to Measure Higher Level Results - ADS 203.3
      • Program’s Indicators, Targets and Goals Should Be Revisited - ADS 203
      • Reported Results Did Not Meet Data Quality Standards - ADS 203.3
      • Baseline Data, Indicators, and Targets Needed to Measure Progress and Achievement - ADS Chapter 203
      • Indicators Do Not Effectively Measure Program Impact - ADS 203.3.2.2 - ADS 200.2.b
      • Performance Data Lacked Support - ADS 203.3
      • Performance Indicators and Targets Did Not Facilitate Program Management - ADS 203.3
      • Setting Performance Targets for Partners - ADS 203
      • Thorough Site Visits Not Conducted - ADS 202.3 - Performance Management Toolkit
      • Data Quality Assessments Not Completed - ADS 203.3.5 - Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103–62) - Performance Management Toolkit
      • Performance Management Plan Not Completed - ADS 203.3 - Performance Management Toolkit
      • Performance Indicator Definitions Not Consistently Applied - ADS 203.3 - GAO Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government
      • Reported Results Were Not Verified – ADS 203.3.5.1. - ADS 202.3.6.
      • Partner Implementation Plans Lacked Vital Information – ADS 200.6
      • Lack of a Current Performance Management Plan (PMP) - ADS 203.3.3
      • Thorough Site Visits Were Not Conducted - ADS 202.3.4.6 - ADS 202.3.6
      • Data Quality Assessments Were Not Completed - ADS 203.3.5.2 - Performance and Results Act of 1993
      • Performance Management Plan Was Not Completed - ADS 203.3.3
      • Improve Data Quality and Program Monitoring - ADS 203.3.5.1 - ADS 203.3.5.3.b
      • Performance Management Plans Were Not Approved - ADS 203.3.3
      • Monitoring and Evaluation of Activities Was Weak - ADS 303.2(f) - ADS 203.3.5.2
      • Some Results Reported by Implementing Partners Were Unsupported or Inaccurate - ADS 203.3.5.1. - ADS 203.3.5.2 - ADS 203.3.2.2
      • Performance Targets Were Inconsistent - ADS 203.3.4.5 - ADS 203.3.2.2
      • Impact Indicators Not Tracked - ADS 203.3.4
      • Develop Indicators and Targets to Measure Progress and Achievement of Project Goals - Assistance Act of 1961, Section 621A, 22 U.S.C. 2381a - ADS 203.3.
      • Verify and document reported results periodically for PMP - (ADS) 203.3.4 - ADS 596, Management’s Responsibility for Internal Control
      • Performance Management Plan Needs to Be Improved - ADS 203.3.3 - ADS 203.3.4.6
      • Verify Reported Data - ADS 303.2
      • Management of Performance Data Needs to Be Improved - ADS 203.3.5.1
      • Performance Management Plan Was Not Updated ADS 203.3
      • Partners Set Unrealistic Targets for Development Programs - ADS 200.2 - ADS 203
      • Performance Targets Set Too Low - ADS 203.3.4.5
      • Too Much Credit Claimed for the Results Achieved - ADS 203.3.4.2
      • Improve Reporting on Activities - USAID’s guidance for the FY 2009 Performance Plan and Report (PPR)
      • Fiscal Year [...] Performance Management Plan Not Developed - ADS 203.3.3 - USAID’s Performance Management Toolkit
      • An Evaluation May Help Determine Program Impact - ADS 203.3.6
      • Reported Results Are Not Useful for Program Management - ADS 203.3.2.1.c - ADS 203.3.5.1 - ADS 203.3.5.2
      • Field Activities Do Not Correlate Well With Program Indicators - ADS 203.3.4.1 - ADS 203.3.4.2.e
      • Strengthen Data Reporting - ADS 203.3.5.1 - USAID’s Performance Management Toolkit
      • Data Collection and Reporting Did Not Always Yield Useful Information - ADS 203.
      • Program Targets Were Not Clearly Defined - ADS 203
      • Data Reported for a Key Indicator Were Not Consistent With the Indicator Definition - ADS 203
      • Some Reported Results Were Not Reliable - ADS 203
      • Impact Indicators Were Not Measured - ADS 203.3.2 - ADS 203.3.4.5
      • Data Quality Assessment Recommendations Were Not Fully Implemented - ADS 203.3.5.1
      • The Reliability of Performance Data Is Unknown - ADS 202.3.6 - USAID’s Performance Management Toolkit
      • Reporting on Key Indicators Needs to Be Improved - ADS 203.3.5.1
      • Performance Targets Were Not Disaggregated by Gender - ADS 200.5
      • Performance Indicators and Targets Are Inappropriate Measures of Program Progress - (ADS) 203.3.5.1 - ADS 203.3.4.5
      • Inaccurate Performance Data Reported - ADS 203.3.2.1 - ADS 203.3.5.1 - Government Performance and Results Act of 1993
      • Late Submission of Performance Management Plan - ADS 203.3 - 203.3.3.1 - ADS 203.5.1
      • Some Main Indicators Were Not Included in Monitoring Plans - ADS 203.3.2 - ADS 203.3.8.3
      • Outdated Results - ADS 203.3.5.1
      • Missing Baselines, Targets, and Cumulative Results - ADS 203.3.4.5
      • Performance Measurements Did Not Reflect Project Impact - (ADS) 203.3.4
      • Did Not Conduct Data Quality Assessments for Key Data Reported to USAID Headquarters - ADS 203.3.5.2
      • Performance Management Plan Was Not Current, Not Realistic, Not Aligned With Implemented Projects, and Not Used - ADS 200.6 - ADS 203.3.3
      • Program Evaluation by Mission Was Not Shared With Contractor - ADS 203.3.6.7
      • Performance Results Were Not Measured, Reported, or Supported - (ADS) 203.3.5.1
      • Contractor Data Did Not Accurately Reflected Outreach Efforts - (ADS) Chapter 203 - section 203.3.5.2 - ADS 203.3.5.1
      • Program Did Not Conduct Required Gender Analysis
      • Coverage of Gender in HIV/AIDS Programming Left Gaps - The Lantos-Hyde Act
      • Partner Results Were Not Verifiable - ADS 203.3.5.1 - ADS 203.3.5.2
      • Program Targets Were Imprecise - ADS 203.3.4.5 - ADS 203.3.7.1
      • Targets for Key Interventions Were Not Sufficient to Track Progress - Automated Directives System 203.3.4.5
      • Program Performance Reporting Needs Improvement - Automated Directives System 203.3.2.
      • Monitoring and Evaluation Plan Was Not in Compliance With the Task Order
      • Unrealistic Annual Performance Targets - ADS 203.3.4.5
      • Inaccuracy of the Reported Performance Data - Automated Directives System (ADS) 203.3.5.1
      • Unrealistic Performance Targets - ADS 203.3.2.2.b
      • Reported Results Are Not Verifiable - Automated Directives System (ADS) 203.3.5.2
      • Tracked Too Many Indicators, Some Loosely Defined - ADS 200.6 - ADS 203.3.4.2 - ADS 203.3.3.1
    • Cash Disbursement
      • Cash Disbursements Requirements - Title 22 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Section 226.21(b)(6)
    • Per Diem and Allowances
      • Beneficiaries Received Incorrect Per Diem Payments - ADS 596.3.1 - ADS 596.3.2 - Government Accountability Office’s Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government
    • Asset Management and Transfer
      • Conduct Property End-Use Checks - Code of Federal Regulations, Title 22: Foreign Relations, Part 226.34 - ADS 324
      • The Process for Resolving Food Losses - 22 CFR 211.9(f)(e) - Food for Peace Handbook
      • Adequate Controls Over Food Distribution Were Not Fully Implemented - Principle IV-2 of the Generally Accepted Commodity Accountability Principles - 22 CFR 211.10(a) - Principle II-3 of the Generally Accepted Commodity Accountability
      • Storage Conditions for Food Commodities Need Improvement - Generally Accepted Commodity Accountability Principles - 22 CFR 211.10(c) - 22 CFR 211.5(a)
      • Requiring Containerization Has Not Been Fully Considered - Principle IV-2 of the Generally Accepted Commodity Accountability Principles
      • Assets May Have Been Diverted - GAO’s “Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government
      • Strengthen Commodity Controls - P.L. 480 Handbook
      • Options for Unused Equipment - ADS 324.5.4b
      • Adequate Controls Over Food Distribution Were Not Fully Implemented - Principle II-3 of the Generally Accepted Commodity Accountability Principles - 22 CFR 211.10(a)
      • Storage Conditions for Food Commodities Need Improvement - Generally Accepted Commodity Accountability Principles, Principle IV-2,11 - 22 CFR 211.5(b) - USAID Commodity Reference Guide
      • Assets Were Missing, Diverted, and Sold for Profit - GAO publication Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government, pages 14 and 15
      • Partner Did Not Track or Manage Inventory Effectively - ADS 596.3.1 - GAO’s publication Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government
      • Sustainability of Facilities Is Questionable - Section 611(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961
      • Contractor’s Property Accounting System Was Not Approved, and Required Reports Were Not Submitted - USAID Acquisition Regulation (AIDAR) 752.245-71 - AIDAR 752.245-70 - ADS 629.3.3.2
      • Property Transfers Were Not Appropriate - Title 22 Code of Federal Regulations Part 226, Administration of Assistance Awards to U.S. Non-Governmental Organizations, Section 226.34, Equipment - U.S. Government Accountability Office issued Standards for Int
      • Plan for End-Use Checks of Donated Commodities is Not Available - Automated Directives System (ADS) 324.5.6,
      • Inventory is Not Tracked or Managed Effectively - ADS 596.3.1 - U.S. Government Accountability Office’s publication Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government
    • Host Country Requirements
      • Program Design Should not Hinder Achievement of Stated Goal - ADS 201 - ADS 200.3
      • Program Activities and Sustainability - ADS 201.3 - ADS 303
      • Program Design and Sustainable Development Methods
      • Sustainability Requirements - 22 U.S.C. 2361
      • Develop Negotiation Points for Tax Exemptions for USAID-Funded Property - ADS 155.3.2
      • Program Lacked Approval as Required by Governmental Regulations
    • Internal Control and Anti-Corruption
      • Program Oversight - ADS 303 - ADS 202.3 - ADS 203.3
      • File Documentation - Procurement Executive Bulletin (PEB 2005-06)
      • Monitoring and Oversight Needs Improvement - ADS 596.3
      • Staff Overrode Management Controls - (GAO) Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government - ADS 303.3
      • Review and Test Conflict-of-Interest Mitigating Processes - ADS 596 - Standards for Internal Controls in the Federal Government - USAID Contract and Information Bulletin 99-17
      • Suspension and Debarment - FAR 9.4 - 22 CFR 208
      • Potential Corruption Went Unreported - USAID’s Handbook on Fighting Corruption
      • Contractor Lacked a Code of Business Ethics and Conduct - Federal Acquisition Regulation Clause 52.203–13
      • Subcontractor Had a Conflict of Interest - FAR Subpart 9.5 Organizational and Consultant Conflicts of Interest - Contract Information Bulletin 99-17
    • Awards and Contracts
      • Intellectual Property Rights Clauses in Agreements - ADS 318.2
      • Program Lacks a Detailed Gender Strategy - ADS 201.3.9.3
      • Prioritize or Follow Up on Significant Vulnerabilities - ADS 303.3.9.2
      • The Authorization to Make Changes to the Contract’s Terms and Conditions
      • Contractor Overbilling - FAR 31.2, Contracts with Commercial Organizations
      • Contractor Performance Reviews Were Not Completed - FAR 42.15024 - USAID Acquisition Regulation (AIDAR) 742.15
      • Unauthorized Commitments - 22 CFR 226.25(e) - ADS 303.3
      • Conduct Audits of Foreign Organizations - ADS 591.3.2 - Guidelines for Financial Audits Contracted by Foreign Recipients - General Act of 1978
      • Implementing Partner Record Retention Regulations - 22 CFR 226.53(b)
      • Verify Continued Separate Maintenance Allowance Eligibility - Department of State Standardized Regulations, General Provisions, Section 077.3, Granting Allowances and Difficult to Staff Incentive Differential on SF-1190 (Foreign Allowances Application
      • Local Subgrantees Need Codes of Conduct for Interactions with Orphans and Vulnerable Children - U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator (OGAC) Guidance July 2006
      • Technical Representative Requirements - ADS 458.3.5.5 - ADS 303.3.14
      • Assistance Awards and Requirements - ADS 303 - ADS 621.3.4
      • Certification Regarding Responsibility Matters - FAR 9.104-6 - FAR 9.105-2(b) - FAR 9.4
      • Excluded Parties List System Reviews During the Bidding and Awarding Process - FAR 9.404 - 22 CFR 208 - ADS 502.5.1b - FAR 9.405(d) - FAR 9.105-2(b)
      • Implementer Performed Unauthorized Program Activities - ADS 202.3.6.1
      • Ensure That Funding Requests Are Appropriate - ADS 602.3.2
      • Strengthen Oversight of Renovation Activities - FAR Part 36, “Construction and Architect-Engineer Contracts” - GAO/AIMD-00-21.3.1 (11/99), page 20
      • Mission Did Not Complete Contractor Performance Review - USAID Acquisition Regulation 742.15 (also known as 48 CFR 742.1502) - FAR 42.1502
      • Contracting Officials Did Not Document Contract Files or Communicate Adequately - 22 CFR 226 - FAR 4.801 (b)
      • Fixed-Amount Reimbursement Agreements Reduce Risk - ADS Supplemental 317
      • Strengthen Program Oversight - ADS 302
      • Contract Not Adequately Reviewed by Contract Review Board - (ADS) 302.3.1.2 - Contract Review Board Guidelines
      • Questionable Spending Occurred - Federal Acquisition Regulations 52.216-7 and 52.216-8 USAID Acquisition Regulation 752.7003 FAR Subpart 31.2-Contracts with Commercial Organizations
      • Contracting Mechanism Used for Program is not Appropriate - Federal Acquisition Regulation 16.505(a)(2) - supplemental policy to ADS 302, Indefinite Quantity Contract (IQC): Task Order Work Statement Development Checklist - Competition in Contracting Act
      • Lack of Effective Program Oversight - ADS 302-Procedures for Designating the COTR for Contracts and Task Orders - ADS 303- Agreement Officer’s Technical Representative (AOTR) Designation – Cooperative Agreement Administration.
      • Subcontracts Lacked Supporting Documentation and Were Susceptible to Fraud - (FAR) 31.201-2(d)
      • Voluntary Population Planning Language Was Not Included in Subcontracts - USAID Acquisition Regulation (AIDAR) 752.7101, Voluntary Population Planning Activities
      • Appropriate Records Were Not Retained - Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) 52.215-2, Audit and Records – Negotiation
      • Source Origin Requirements Were Not Met - ADS 310, Source, Origin, and Nationality of Commodities - the Foreign Assistance Act Section 604 - ADS 310.5.5
      • Approval for Subawards Was Not Obtained - 22 CFR Part 226, Administration of Assistance Awards to U.S. Non-Governmental Organizations, Section 226.25(c)(8)
    • Search and Analyze Audit Recommendations
      • Search Audit Recommendations
    • Training
      • Participant Training Requirement Not In Place - ADS 253.3.1
      • Process for Evaluating Training Effectiveness is Inadequate - ADS 253.3 - ADS 203.3.2
      • Training Effectiveness is not Evaluated - ADS 253.3 - ADS 203.3.2
      • TraiNet Reporting Not Accurate - ADS 253.3 - ADS 253.3.4.5 (b)
  • USAID ADS Glossary
  • USAID Indefinite Quantity Contracts
    • IQC Overview
    • Democracy and Governance
      • The Support That Augments Rapid Transitions (START) Indefinite Quantity Contract (IQC)
    • Economic Growth Agriculture and Trade
      • USAID/Afghanistan Energy and Water Indefinite Quantity Contract (IQC)
      • Economic Growth for Poverty Reduction (EG4PR) IDIQ
      • The USAID Microeconomic Foundations for Growth IQC
      • USAID/Afghanistan Vertical Structures Indefinite Quantity Contract (VS-IQC)
    • Food for Peace
      • FEWS Net single award IQC to provide Famine Early Warning network services for USAID's Office of Food for Peace
    • Health and Population
      • Technical Assistance Support Contract Four – LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN (TASC4 – LATIN AMERICA) IDIQ
    • IQC Overview
      • Overview of Indefinite Quantity Contracts (IQCs - IDIQCs)
    • Food for Peace
      • FEWS Net single award IQC to provide Famine Early Warning network services for USAID's Office of Food for Peace
    • Health and Population
      • Technical Assistance Support Contract Four – LATIN AMERICA/CARIBBEAN (TASC4 – LATIN AMERICA) IDIQ
    • Democracy and Governance
      • The Support That Augments Rapid Transitions (START) Indefinite Quantity Contract (IQC)
    • Economic Growth Agriculture and Trade
      • USAID/Afghanistan Energy and Water Indefinite Quantity Contract (IQC)
      • Economic Growth for Poverty Reduction (EG4PR) IDIQ
      • The USAID Microeconomic Foundations for Growth IQC
      • USAID/Afghanistan Vertical Structures Indefinite Quantity Contract (VS-IQC)
  • The Audit Database Project
    • Fiscal Year
      • 2011
        • Audit of Internal Controls Over the Separate Maintenance Allowance at USAID/Afghanistan.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Firms Project.
        • Review of USAID/Iraq Contractors’ Compliance with the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008.
        • Follow-Up Audit of USAID/Colombia’s Rule of Law Human Rights Activities.
        • Audit of USAID’s Social Marketing and Behavior Change Interventions for HIV/AIDS, Reproductive & Sexual Health, and Child Survival Project in Cambodia.
        • Audit of USAID/Madagascar’s Family Planning and Reproductive Health Activities.
        • Audit of USAID’s Food Assistance Under the Multiyear Assistance Program in Niger.
        • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Youth: Work Jordan Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Tajikistan’s Productive Agriculture Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Shelter and Supporting Infrastructure Activities.
        • Audit of Usaid/Iraq’s Microfinance Activity Under Its Provincial Economic Growth Program
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s USAID Air Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Energy Efficiency and Capacity Program.
        • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Palestinian Health Sector Reform and Development Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Democracy and Governance Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Peru’s Health Program Relating to Tuberculosis and HIV Infections.
        • Audit of USAID/Egypt’s LIFE Integrated Water Resource Management Program II Activities.
        • Audit of USAID’s American Schools and Hospitals Abroad Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Rwanda’s Agricultural Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Liberia’s Energy Assistance Program.
        • Audit of USAID’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance Activities in Sudan.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Strategic Provincial Roads—Southern and Eastern Afghanistan Road Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Limited-Scope Grant in Support of the District Development Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Community Rehabilitation Infrastructure Support Program.
        • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Model Schools Program.
        • Audit of USAID/West Africa’s HIV/AIDS Activities in Côte d’Ivoire.
        • Audit of USAID/Ghana’s Malaria Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Small Village Wastewater Treatment Systems Project—Phase II.
        • Audit of USAID’s Higher Education for Development Program.
        • Follow-Up Audit of USAID/Sudan’s Road Infrastructure Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Morocco’s Agriculture Programs.
        • Audit of Humanitarian Response to the 2008 Conflict in Georgia by USAID’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance.
        • Direct Assistance to the Ministry of Public Health in Support of the Partnership Contracts for Health Services Program.
        • Review of USAID/Afghanistan’s Preaward Survey and Certification Process.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Anticorruption Activities and Selected Financial Transactions of Its National Capacity Development Program.
        • Audit of the USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Palestinian Authority Capacity Enhancement Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Namibia’s HIV/AIDS Care Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Tanzania’s Ongoing Activities Under the President’s Malaria Initiative.
        • Review of USAID/Egypt’s Communication for Healthy Living Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Education Reform Support Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Bolivia’s Integrated Alternative Development Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Vietnam’s Competitiveness Initiative Phase II Program.
        • Audit of USAID’s Famine Early Warning System Information Network.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Education Activities.
        • Review of Cash-Disbursement Practices Employed by Selected USAID/Afghanistan Contractors and Grantees.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Elections Administration Support Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Rule of Law and Security Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Vietnam’s Social Marketing Prevention and Supportive Services in Vietnam Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Health Activities Supporting Long-Term Reconstruction.
        • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Private Sector for Women’s Health Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Yemen’s Basic Education Support and Training Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Bilateral Economic Growth Program.
        • Audit of USAID’s Controls to Protect the Environment Under Its Malaria Prevention and Treatment Programs.
        • Audit of MCC’s Funding of Activities in Tanzania.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Incentives Driving Economic Alternatives for the North, East, and West Program
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support for Increased Electoral Participation in Afghanistan (IEP) Activity and Support to the Electoral Process (STEP) Activity.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Contracting Process.
        • Review of Selected High-Risk Contracts Issued from USAID/Washington for Compliance with the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008.
        • Audit of USAID/Zambia’s Gender-Related HIV/AIDS Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Leadership, Management, and Sustainability Program.
        • Audit of USAID/El Salvador\'s Maternal and Child Health Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/El Salvador’s Education Activities.
        • Audit of Participant Training Programs in USAID’s Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade.
        • Audit of USAID/Bangladesh’s Integrated Protected Area Co-Management Program.
        • Audit of MCC Private Sector Initiatives.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Afghanistan Stabilization Initiative—Southern Region.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Emergency Cash-Transfer Program—University and Technical Education Component.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Legislative Strengthening Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Yemen’s Implementation of Executive Order 13224.
        • Audit of USAID/Nigeria’s Assistance to Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children.
        • Audit of USAID/Guinea’s Family Planning and Reproductive Health Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Cambodia’s Better Health Services Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Landmines and War Victims Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Philippines’ Growth With Equity in Mindanao (GEM) Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Ecuador’s Environment Program.
        • Audit of the MCC-Funded Program in El Salvador.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Regional Afghan Municipalities Program for Urban Populations for Regional Platforms.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Activities Under the Quick-Impact Projects in South Waziristan.
        • Audit of the Sustainability of Selected USAID/Iraq-Funded Information Technology Systems.
        • Audit of USAID/Cambodia’s Program on Rights and Justice II.
        • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Regional HIV/AIDS Program in Lesotho.
        • Audit of USAID/India’s Innovations in Family Planning Services Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Bolivia’s Integrated Food Security Activity.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s WINNER Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Senegal’s Economic Growth Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Peru’s Environment Activities.
        • Audit of the Education Project in Namibia.
      • 2010
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support to the American University of Afghanistan Activity.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community Action Program III Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Mexico’s Rule of Law and Human Rights Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Panama’s Environmental Activities.
        • Audit of the USAID/Sudan’s Maternal and Child Health Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Russia’s Tuberculosis-Funded Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s School Construction and Rehabilitation Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Family Advancement for Life and Health Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Local Governance Program III Activities.
        • Audit of Assistance to Internally Displaced Persons and Vulnerable Groups Financed by USAID/Colombia.
        • Followup Audit of USAID/Brazil’s Environmental Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Gender-Specific Activities Under the HIV/AIDS Program.
        • Audit of USAID’s Implementation of the Water for the Poor Act.
        • Audit of USAID/Philippines’ Education Quality and Access for Learning and Livelihood Skills Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Construction of Health and Education Facilities Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Pre-Service Teacher Education Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Agriculture Private Sector Development—Agribusiness Program.
        • Audit of USAID’s Initiatives in Anti-Trafficking in Persons Activities.
        • Survey and Pilot Audit of USAID’s Environmental Safeguards When Implementing HIV/AIDS Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Zambia’s Gender-Specific Activities Under the HIV/AIDS Program.
        • Survey and Pilot Audit of USAID’s Assistance to Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Selected HIV/AIDS Focus Countries.
        • Audit of USAID/Nepal’s Education for Income Generation and Conflict Mitigation Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support for Increased Electoral Participation in Afghanistan Activity.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Alternative Development Program Expansion, South and West.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Provincial Economic Growth Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Dominican Republic’s Agriculture Program.
        • Worldwide Audit of USAID’s Efforts To Protect the Environmental Considerations in Its Project Portfolio.
        • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s HIV/AIDS Treatment Program.
        • Worldwide Audit of Selected Prevention Activities for Combating HIV/AIDS (Multicountry Audit).
        • Audit of USAID/Ethiopia’s Africa Education Initiative.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support to the Electoral Process in Afghanistan Activity.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas Livelihood Development Program.
        • Audit of the USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Infrastructure Needs Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Kosovo’s Activities for Economic Growth.
        • Audit of USAID/Guinea’s Health Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Mozambique’s HIV/AIDS Treatment Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Zambia’s Food Security Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Honduras’s Education Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Water, Agriculture, and Technology Transfer Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Afghanistan Vouchers for Increased Production in Agriculture Program.
        • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Emergency Jobs Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Sudan’s Modern Energy Services Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Ghana’s HIV/AIDS Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Regional HIV/AIDS Program in Botswana.
        • Audit of Selected Elements of USAID/Kenya’s Agriculture Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Democratic Republic of Congo’s Displaced Children and Orphans Fund Activities
        • Review of USAID/Afghanistan Contractors’ Compliance With the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization
        • Audit of USAID’s Iran Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Rule of Law Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Georgia’s Investments in Energy Infrastructure.
        • Audit of USAID’s Commodities for Malaria Prevention and Treatment.
        • Audit of USAID/Uganda’s Public Law 480 Title II Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Egypt’s American University Leaders for Education and Development Program Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Partnership for Community-Based Education in Afghanistan Program.
        • Audit of the Sustainability of Selected USAID/Iraq Infrastructure Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/East Africa’s Conflict Mitigation Activities.
        • Audit of USAID’s African Growth Competitiveness Initiative.
        • Audit of USAID/Benin’s Implementation of the President’s Malaria Initiative.
        • Audit of USAID/Namibia’s Efforts To Address Critical Shortages in Trained HIV/AIDS Health Workers.
        • Audit of USAID/Mali’s Education Program.
      • 2009
        • Audit of USAID/Colombia’s Human Rights Program
        • Audit of USAID’s Activities Through the Victims of Torture Fund
        • Audit of USAID/Philippines’ Sustainable Health Improvements Through Empowerment and Local Development Projec
        • Audit of USAID/Guyana’s Progress in Implementing PEPFAR
        • Audit of USAID’s Reporting on Global Development Alliances
        • Audit of USAID/Colombia’s Alternative Development Program
        • Audit of USAID/Guatemala’s Democracy and Governance Activities
        • Audit of USAID’s Response to the Global Food Crisis
        • Audit of USAID/Russia’s Program to Reduce Trafficking in Persons
        • Audit of USAID/Kenya’s Implementation of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Program
        • Audit of USAID Efforts to Protect the Environment
        • Audit of USAID/Ecuador’s Alternative Development Program
        • Audit of USAID/Sudan’s Civil Society Program
        • Audit of USAID/Honduras’s Democracy and Governance Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Democratic Republic of the Congo’s Basic Education Program
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s P.L. 480 Title II Programs
        • Audit of USAID/Ethiopia’s Management of Commodities for PEPFAR
        • Audit of USAID/Sierra Leone’s Agricultural Sector Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Honduras’s Trade, Investment, and Competitiveness Program
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Afghan Civilian Assistance Program
        • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Democracy and Governance Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Tanzania’s Basic Education Program
        • Audit of USAID/Egypt’s School-Based Reform Activities Under Its Education Reform Program
        • Worldwide Audit of USAID’s PEPFAR-Funded Activities and Commodities for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Tr
        • Audit of USAID/Liberia’s Economic Growth Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Sustainable Achievement of Business Expansion and Quality Project
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Technical Support to the Central and Provincial Ministry of Public Health
        • Audit of USAID/Yemen’s Democracy and Governance Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Basic Education Program
        • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Water Activities
        • Audit of USAID Activities to Combat Tuberculosis
        • Audit of USAID/Ethiopia’s Agricultural Sector Productivity Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Provincial Economic Growth Program
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Capacity Development Program
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community Stabilization Program
        • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Bangladesh’s Population and Health Program
        • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Water Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Nigeria’s TB and Malaria Interventions
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Land Titling and Economic Restructuring Program
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Oversight of Private Security Contractors in Iraq
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Local Governance and Community Development Project in Northern and Western Regi
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Assistance to the Iraqi Electricity Sector
        • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Kazakhstan’s Health Program
        • Audit of USAID’s Activities Regarding Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq
        • Audit of USAID’s Implementation of the President’s Malaria Initiative
        • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Afghanistan’s Infrastructure Rehabilitation Program—Transpor
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Participation on Provincial Reconstruction Teams in Iraq
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Capacity-Building Development Program
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community-Based Conflict Mitigation Program
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Links to Learning: Education Support to Pakistan Program
        • Worldwide Audit of Selected Prevention Activities for Combating HIV/AIDS (Multicountry Audit)
        • Worldwide Audit of USAID’s Displaced Children and Orphans Fund (Multicountry Audit)
        • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Afghanistan’s Infrastructure Rehabilitation Program—Power Se
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Rapid Assistance Program
      • 2012
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Regional Afghan Municipalities Program for Urban Population (RAMP UP)–East.
        • Follow-Up Audit of Selected OIG Recommendations to USAID/Afghanistan.
        • Audit of the Sustainability of USAID/Afghanistan’s Office of Infrastructure, Engineering, and Energy Programs.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Design for Sustainability in the Education Program.
        • Review of USAID/Afghanistan’s Contracts and Cooperative Agreements.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Performance-Based Governor’s Fund.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Kandahar Power Initiative.
        • Audit of Gender-Related Activities in Selected USAID/Afghanistan Programs.
        • Audit of the Financial Sustainability of USAID/Afghanistan’s Energy Sector Programs.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Management Controls for Efficiently Managing Program Operations.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Approaches to Providing Technical Assistance to the Government of Afghanistan.
        • Review of USAID/Afghanistan\'s Internal Controls for Payroll.
        • Review of USAID/Afghanistan’s Use of Third-Country National Employees.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Transition Plans.
        • Audit of Field Staff Monitoring of USAID/Afghanistan Programs.
    • Agency
      • USAID
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Afghan Civilian Assistance Program
        • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Democracy and Governance Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Tanzania’s Basic Education Program
        • Audit of USAID/Egypt’s School-Based Reform Activities Under Its Education Reform Program
        • Worldwide Audit of USAID’s PEPFAR-Funded Activities and Commodities for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Tr
        • Audit of USAID/Liberia’s Economic Growth Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Sustainable Achievement of Business Expansion and Quality Project
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Performance-Based Governor’s Fund.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Kandahar Power Initiative.
        • Audit of Internal Controls Over the Separate Maintenance Allowance at USAID/Afghanistan.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Firms Project.
        • Review of USAID/Iraq Contractors’ Compliance with the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008.
        • Follow-Up Audit of USAID/Colombia’s Rule of Law Human Rights Activities.
        • Audit of USAID’s Social Marketing and Behavior Change Interventions for HIV/AIDS, Reproductive & Sexual Health, and Child Survival Project in Cambodia.
        • Audit of USAID/Madagascar’s Family Planning and Reproductive Health Activities.
        • Audit of USAID’s Food Assistance Under the Multiyear Assistance Program in Niger.
        • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Youth: Work Jordan Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Tajikistan’s Productive Agriculture Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Shelter and Supporting Infrastructure Activities.
        • Review of USAID/Afghanistan Contractors’ Compliance With the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization
        • Audit of USAID’s Iran Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Rule of Law Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Georgia’s Investments in Energy Infrastructure.
        • Audit of USAID’s Commodities for Malaria Prevention and Treatment.
        • Audit of USAID/Uganda’s Public Law 480 Title II Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Egypt’s American University Leaders for Education and Development Program Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Technical Support to the Central and Provincial Ministry of Public Health
        • Audit of USAID/Yemen’s Democracy and Governance Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Basic Education Program
        • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Water Activities
        • Audit of USAID Activities to Combat Tuberculosis
        • Audit of USAID/Ethiopia’s Agricultural Sector Productivity Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Provincial Economic Growth Program
        • Audit of Gender-Related Activities in Selected USAID/Afghanistan Programs.
        • Audit of the Financial Sustainability of USAID/Afghanistan’s Energy Sector Programs.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s USAID Air Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Energy Efficiency and Capacity Program.
        • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Palestinian Health Sector Reform and Development Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Democracy and Governance Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Peru’s Health Program Relating to Tuberculosis and HIV Infections.
        • Audit of USAID/Egypt’s LIFE Integrated Water Resource Management Program II Activities.
        • Audit of USAID’s American Schools and Hospitals Abroad Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Rwanda’s Agricultural Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Liberia’s Energy Assistance Program.
        • Audit of USAID’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance Activities in Sudan.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Partnership for Community-Based Education in Afghanistan Program.
        • Audit of the Sustainability of Selected USAID/Iraq Infrastructure Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/East Africa’s Conflict Mitigation Activities.
        • Audit of USAID’s African Growth Competitiveness Initiative.
        • Audit of USAID/Benin’s Implementation of the President’s Malaria Initiative.
        • Audit of USAID/Namibia’s Efforts To Address Critical Shortages in Trained HIV/AIDS Health Workers.
        • Audit of USAID/Mali’s Education Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Capacity Development Program
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community Stabilization Program
        • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Bangladesh’s Population and Health Program
        • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Water Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Nigeria’s TB and Malaria Interventions
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Land Titling and Economic Restructuring Program
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Oversight of Private Security Contractors in Iraq
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Management Controls for Efficiently Managing Program Operations.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Approaches to Providing Technical Assistance to the Government of Afghanistan.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Strategic Provincial Roads—Southern and Eastern Afghanistan Road Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Limited-Scope Grant in Support of the District Development Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Community Rehabilitation Infrastructure Support Program.
        • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Model Schools Program.
        • Audit of USAID/West Africa’s HIV/AIDS Activities in Côte d’Ivoire.
        • Audit of USAID/Ghana’s Malaria Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Small Village Wastewater Treatment Systems Project—Phase II.
        • Audit of USAID’s Higher Education for Development Program.
        • Follow-Up Audit of USAID/Sudan’s Road Infrastructure Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Morocco’s Agriculture Programs.
        • Audit of Humanitarian Response to the 2008 Conflict in Georgia by USAID’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support to the American University of Afghanistan Activity.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community Action Program III Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Mexico’s Rule of Law and Human Rights Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Panama’s Environmental Activities.
        • Audit of the USAID/Sudan’s Maternal and Child Health Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Russia’s Tuberculosis-Funded Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s School Construction and Rehabilitation Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Local Governance and Community Development Project in Northern and Western Regi
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Assistance to the Iraqi Electricity Sector
        • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Kazakhstan’s Health Program
        • Audit of USAID’s Activities Regarding Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq
        • Audit of USAID’s Implementation of the President’s Malaria Initiative
        • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Afghanistan’s Infrastructure Rehabilitation Program—Transpor
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Participation on Provincial Reconstruction Teams in Iraq
        • Review of USAID/Afghanistan\'s Internal Controls for Payroll.
        • Review of USAID/Afghanistan’s Use of Third-Country National Employees.
        • Direct Assistance to the Ministry of Public Health in Support of the Partnership Contracts for Health Services Program.
        • Review of USAID/Afghanistan’s Preaward Survey and Certification Process.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Anticorruption Activities and Selected Financial Transactions of Its National Capacity Development Program.
        • Audit of the USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Palestinian Authority Capacity Enhancement Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Namibia’s HIV/AIDS Care Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Tanzania’s Ongoing Activities Under the President’s Malaria Initiative.
        • Review of USAID/Egypt’s Communication for Healthy Living Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Education Reform Support Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Bolivia’s Integrated Alternative Development Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Vietnam’s Competitiveness Initiative Phase II Program.
        • Audit of USAID’s Famine Early Warning System Information Network.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Family Advancement for Life and Health Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Local Governance Program III Activities.
        • Audit of Assistance to Internally Displaced Persons and Vulnerable Groups Financed by USAID/Colombia.
        • Followup Audit of USAID/Brazil’s Environmental Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Gender-Specific Activities Under the HIV/AIDS Program.
        • Audit of USAID’s Implementation of the Water for the Poor Act.
        • Audit of USAID/Philippines’ Education Quality and Access for Learning and Livelihood Skills Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Nepal’s Education for Income Generation and Conflict Mitigation Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Capacity-Building Development Program
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community-Based Conflict Mitigation Program
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Links to Learning: Education Support to Pakistan Program
        • Worldwide Audit of Selected Prevention Activities for Combating HIV/AIDS (Multicountry Audit)
        • Worldwide Audit of USAID’s Displaced Children and Orphans Fund (Multicountry Audit)
        • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Afghanistan’s Infrastructure Rehabilitation Program—Power Se
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Rapid Assistance Program
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Transition Plans.
        • Audit of Field Staff Monitoring of USAID/Afghanistan Programs.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Education Activities.
        • Review of Cash-Disbursement Practices Employed by Selected USAID/Afghanistan Contractors and Grantees.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Elections Administration Support Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Rule of Law and Security Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Vietnam’s Social Marketing Prevention and Supportive Services in Vietnam Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Health Activities Supporting Long-Term Reconstruction.
        • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Private Sector for Women’s Health Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Yemen’s Basic Education Support and Training Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Bilateral Economic Growth Program.
        • Audit of USAID’s Controls to Protect the Environment Under Its Malaria Prevention and Treatment Programs.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Construction of Health and Education Facilities Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Pre-Service Teacher Education Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Agriculture Private Sector Development—Agribusiness Program.
        • Audit of USAID’s Initiatives in Anti-Trafficking in Persons Activities.
        • Survey and Pilot Audit of USAID’s Environmental Safeguards When Implementing HIV/AIDS Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Zambia’s Gender-Specific Activities Under the HIV/AIDS Program.
        • Survey and Pilot Audit of USAID’s Assistance to Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Selected HIV/AIDS Focus Countries.
        • Audit of USAID/Ethiopia’s Africa Education Initiative.
        • Audit of USAID/Colombia’s Human Rights Program
        • Audit of USAID’s Activities Through the Victims of Torture Fund
        • Audit of USAID/Philippines’ Sustainable Health Improvements Through Empowerment and Local Development Projec
        • Audit of USAID/Guyana’s Progress in Implementing PEPFAR
        • Audit of USAID’s Reporting on Global Development Alliances
        • Audit of USAID/Colombia’s Alternative Development Program
        • Audit of USAID/Democratic Republic of Congo’s Displaced Children and Orphans Fund Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Regional Afghan Municipalities Program for Urban Population (RAMP UP)–East.
        • Follow-Up Audit of Selected OIG Recommendations to USAID/Afghanistan.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Incentives Driving Economic Alternatives for the North, East, and West Program
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support for Increased Electoral Participation in Afghanistan (IEP) Activity and Support to the Electoral Process (STEP) Activity.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Contracting Process.
        • Review of Selected High-Risk Contracts Issued from USAID/Washington for Compliance with the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008.
        • Audit of USAID/Zambia’s Gender-Related HIV/AIDS Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Leadership, Management, and Sustainability Program.
        • Audit of USAID/El Salvador\'s Maternal and Child Health Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/El Salvador’s Education Activities.
        • Audit of Participant Training Programs in USAID’s Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade.
        • Audit of USAID/Bangladesh’s Integrated Protected Area Co-Management Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support for Increased Electoral Participation in Afghanistan Activity.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Alternative Development Program Expansion, South and West.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Provincial Economic Growth Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Dominican Republic’s Agriculture Program.
        • Worldwide Audit of USAID’s Efforts To Protect the Environmental Considerations in Its Project Portfolio.
        • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s HIV/AIDS Treatment Program.
        • Worldwide Audit of Selected Prevention Activities for Combating HIV/AIDS (Multicountry Audit).
        • Audit of USAID/Honduras’s Education Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Guatemala’s Democracy and Governance Activities
        • Audit of USAID’s Response to the Global Food Crisis
        • Audit of USAID/Russia’s Program to Reduce Trafficking in Persons
        • Audit of USAID/Kenya’s Implementation of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Program
        • Audit of USAID Efforts to Protect the Environment
        • Audit of USAID/Ecuador’s Alternative Development Program
        • Audit of Usaid/Iraq’s Microfinance Activity Under Its Provincial Economic Growth Program
        • Audit of the Sustainability of USAID/Afghanistan’s Office of Infrastructure, Engineering, and Energy Programs.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Afghanistan Stabilization Initiative—Southern Region.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Emergency Cash-Transfer Program—University and Technical Education Component.
        • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Legislative Strengthening Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Yemen’s Implementation of Executive Order 13224.
        • Audit of USAID/Nigeria’s Assistance to Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children.
        • Audit of USAID/Guinea’s Family Planning and Reproductive Health Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Cambodia’s Better Health Services Project.
        • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Landmines and War Victims Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Philippines’ Growth With Equity in Mindanao (GEM) Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Ecuador’s Environment Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support to the Electoral Process in Afghanistan Activity.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas Livelihood Development Program.
        • Audit of the USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Infrastructure Needs Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Kosovo’s Activities for Economic Growth.
        • Audit of USAID/Guinea’s Health Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Mozambique’s HIV/AIDS Treatment Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Zambia’s Food Security Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Sudan’s Civil Society Program
        • Audit of USAID/Honduras’s Democracy and Governance Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Democratic Republic of the Congo’s Basic Education Program
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s P.L. 480 Title II Programs
        • Audit of USAID/Ethiopia’s Management of Commodities for PEPFAR
        • Audit of USAID/Sierra Leone’s Agricultural Sector Activities
        • Audit of USAID/Honduras’s Trade, Investment, and Competitiveness Program
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Design for Sustainability in the Education Program.
        • Review of USAID/Afghanistan’s Contracts and Cooperative Agreements.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Regional Afghan Municipalities Program for Urban Populations for Regional Platforms.
        • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Activities Under the Quick-Impact Projects in South Waziristan.
        • Audit of the Sustainability of Selected USAID/Iraq-Funded Information Technology Systems.
        • Audit of USAID/Cambodia’s Program on Rights and Justice II.
        • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Regional HIV/AIDS Program in Lesotho.
        • Audit of USAID/India’s Innovations in Family Planning Services Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Bolivia’s Integrated Food Security Activity.
        • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s WINNER Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Senegal’s Economic Growth Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Peru’s Environment Activities.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Water, Agriculture, and Technology Transfer Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Afghanistan Vouchers for Increased Production in Agriculture Program.
        • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Emergency Jobs Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Sudan’s Modern Energy Services Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Ghana’s HIV/AIDS Program.
        • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Regional HIV/AIDS Program in Botswana.
        • Audit of Selected Elements of USAID/Kenya’s Agriculture Program.
      • MCC
        • Audit of MCC’s Funding of Activities in Tanzania.
        • Audit of MCC Private Sector Initiatives.
        • Audit of the MCC-Funded Program in El Salvador.
        • Audit of the Education Project in Namibia.
    • Country
      • World Wide
        • Audit of MCC Private Sector Initiatives.
        • Audit of USAID’s Response to the Global Food Crisis
        • Audit of USAID’s Initiatives in Anti-Trafficking in Persons Activities.
        • Audit of USAID’s Implementation of the President’s Malaria Initiative
        • Review of Selected High-Risk Contracts Issued from USAID/Washington for Compliance with the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008.
        • Survey and Pilot Audit of USAID’s Environmental Safeguards When Implementing HIV/AIDS Activities.
        • Worldwide Audit of USAID’s Displaced Children and Orphans Fund (Multicountry Audit)
        • Audit of USAID’s American Schools and Hospitals Abroad Program.
        • Worldwide Audit of USAID’s Efforts To Protect the Environmental Considerations in Its Project Portfolio.
        • Audit of USAID’s Reporting on Global Development Alliances
        • Audit of USAID’s Higher Education for Development Program.
        • Audit of USAID’s Implementation of the Water for the Poor Act.
        • Audit of USAID Efforts to Protect the Environment
        • Audit of Participant Training Programs in USAID’s Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade.
        • Survey and Pilot Audit of USAID’s Assistance to Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Selected HIV/AIDS Focus Countries.
        • Audit of USAID’s Controls to Protect the Environment Under Its Malaria Prevention and Treatment Programs.
        • Worldwide Audit of Selected Prevention Activities for Combating HIV/AIDS (Multicountry Audit).
        • Audit of USAID’s Famine Early Warning System Information Network.
        • Audit of USAID’s Activities Through the Victims of Torture Fund
      • Asia
        • Afghanistan
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s USAID Air Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Water, Agriculture, and Technology Transfer Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Capacity Development Program
          • Audit of Gender-Related Activities in Selected USAID/Afghanistan Programs.
          • Audit of the Financial Sustainability of USAID/Afghanistan’s Energy Sector Programs.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Limited-Scope Grant in Support of the District Development Program.
          • Review of USAID/Afghanistan Contractors’ Compliance With the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Local Governance and Community Development Project in Northern and Western Regi
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Management Controls for Efficiently Managing Program Operations.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Approaches to Providing Technical Assistance to the Government of Afghanistan.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Strategic Provincial Roads—Southern and Eastern Afghanistan Road Project.
          • Review of USAID/Afghanistan’s Preaward Survey and Certification Process.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Partnership for Community-Based Education in Afghanistan Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Basic Education Program
          • Review of USAID/Afghanistan\'s Internal Controls for Payroll.
          • Review of USAID/Afghanistan’s Use of Third-Country National Employees.
          • Direct Assistance to the Ministry of Public Health in Support of the Partnership Contracts for Health Services Program.
          • Review of Cash-Disbursement Practices Employed by Selected USAID/Afghanistan Contractors and Grantees.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support to the American University of Afghanistan Activity.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Land Titling and Economic Restructuring Program
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Transition Plans.
          • Audit of Field Staff Monitoring of USAID/Afghanistan Programs.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Incentives Driving Economic Alternatives for the North, East, and West Program
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support for Increased Electoral Participation in Afghanistan (IEP) Activity and Support to the Electoral Process (STEP) Activity.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Alternative Development Program Expansion, South and West.
          • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Afghanistan’s Infrastructure Rehabilitation Program—Transpor
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Regional Afghan Municipalities Program for Urban Population (RAMP UP)–East.
          • Follow-Up Audit of Selected OIG Recommendations to USAID/Afghanistan.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Afghanistan Stabilization Initiative—Southern Region.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Construction of Health and Education Facilities Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Afghanistan Vouchers for Increased Production in Agriculture Program.
          • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Afghanistan’s Infrastructure Rehabilitation Program—Power Se
          • Audit of the Sustainability of USAID/Afghanistan’s Office of Infrastructure, Engineering, and Energy Programs.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Regional Afghan Municipalities Program for Urban Populations for Regional Platforms.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support for Increased Electoral Participation in Afghanistan Activity.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Afghan Civilian Assistance Program
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Design for Sustainability in the Education Program.
          • Review of USAID/Afghanistan’s Contracts and Cooperative Agreements.
          • Audit of Internal Controls Over the Separate Maintenance Allowance at USAID/Afghanistan.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support to the Electoral Process in Afghanistan Activity.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Technical Support to the Central and Provincial Ministry of Public Health
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Performance-Based Governor’s Fund.
          • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Kandahar Power Initiative.
        • Bangladesh
          • Audit of USAID/Bangladesh’s Integrated Protected Area Co-Management Program.
          • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Bangladesh’s Population and Health Program
        • Cambodia
          • Audit of USAID/Cambodia’s Program on Rights and Justice II.
          • Audit of USAID’s Social Marketing and Behavior Change Interventions for HIV/AIDS, Reproductive & Sexual Health, and Child Survival Project in Cambodia.
          • Audit of USAID/Cambodia’s Better Health Services Project.
        • Egypt
          • Audit of USAID/Egypt’s LIFE Integrated Water Resource Management Program II Activities.
          • Review of USAID/Egypt’s Communication for Healthy Living Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Egypt’s American University Leaders for Education and Development Program Activities.
          • Audit of USAID/Egypt’s School-Based Reform Activities Under Its Education Reform Program
        • Gaza and West Bank
          • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Water Activities
          • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Palestinian Health Sector Reform and Development Project.
          • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Model Schools Program.
          • Audit of the USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Palestinian Authority Capacity Enhancement Project.
          • Audit of the USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Infrastructure Needs Program.
          • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Emergency Jobs Program.
          • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Democracy and Governance Activities
        • Georgia
          • Audit of Humanitarian Response to the 2008 Conflict in Georgia by USAID’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance.
          • Audit of USAID/Georgia’s Investments in Energy Infrastructure.
        • India
          • Audit of USAID/India’s Innovations in Family Planning Services Program.
        • Iran
          • Audit of USAID’s Iran Program.
        • Iraq
          • Audit of the Sustainability of Selected USAID/Iraq Infrastructure Activities.
          • Audit of USAID’s Activities Regarding Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community Action Program III Activities.
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Provincial Economic Growth Program
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Anticorruption Activities and Selected Financial Transactions of Its National Capacity Development Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Local Governance Program III Activities.
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Oversight of Private Security Contractors in Iraq
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Elections Administration Support Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Agriculture Private Sector Development—Agribusiness Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Participation on Provincial Reconstruction Teams in Iraq
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Contracting Process.
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Provincial Economic Growth Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Rapid Assistance Program
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Legislative Strengthening Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community Stabilization Program
          • Audit of Usaid/Iraq’s Microfinance Activity Under Its Provincial Economic Growth Program
          • Audit of the Sustainability of Selected USAID/Iraq-Funded Information Technology Systems.
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Assistance to the Iraqi Electricity Sector
          • Review of USAID/Iraq Contractors’ Compliance with the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008.
          • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community-Based Conflict Mitigation Program
        • Jordan
          • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Private Sector for Women’s Health Project.
          • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Education Reform Support Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Youth: Work Jordan Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s School Construction and Rehabilitation Project.
          • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Sustainable Achievement of Business Expansion and Quality Project
        • Lebanon
          • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Small Village Wastewater Treatment Systems Project—Phase II.
          • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Landmines and War Victims Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Rule of Law Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Water Activities
        • Nepal
          • Audit of USAID/Nepal’s Education for Income Generation and Conflict Mitigation Program.
        • Pakistan
          • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Pre-Service Teacher Education Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas Livelihood Development Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Emergency Cash-Transfer Program—University and Technical Education Component.
          • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Capacity-Building Development Program
          • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Activities Under the Quick-Impact Projects in South Waziristan.
          • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Links to Learning: Education Support to Pakistan Program
          • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Firms Project.
          • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Energy Efficiency and Capacity Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Community Rehabilitation Infrastructure Support Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Family Advancement for Life and Health Program.
        • Philippines
          • Audit of USAID/Philippines’ Growth With Equity in Mindanao (GEM) Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Philippines’ Education Quality and Access for Learning and Livelihood Skills Project.
          • Audit of USAID/Philippines’ Sustainable Health Improvements Through Empowerment and Local Development Projec
        • Tajikistan
          • Audit of USAID/Tajikistan’s Productive Agriculture Program.
        • Vietnam
          • Audit of USAID/Vietnam’s Social Marketing Prevention and Supportive Services in Vietnam Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Vietnam’s Competitiveness Initiative Phase II Program.
        • Yemen
          • Audit of USAID/Yemen’s Implementation of Executive Order 13224.
          • Audit of USAID/Yemen’s Basic Education Support and Training Project.
          • Audit of USAID/Yemen’s Democracy and Governance Activities
        • Kazakhstan
          • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Kazakhstan’s Health Program
      • North America
        • Haiti
          • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Shelter and Supporting Infrastructure Activities.
          • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s P.L. 480 Title II Programs
          • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Education Activities.
          • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Rule of Law and Security Activities.
          • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Democracy and Governance Activities.
          • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Health Activities Supporting Long-Term Reconstruction.
          • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Leadership, Management, and Sustainability Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s WINNER Program.
        • USA
          • Worldwide Audit of Selected Prevention Activities for Combating HIV/AIDS (Multicountry Audit)
          • Worldwide Audit of USAID’s PEPFAR-Funded Activities and Commodities for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Tr
          • Audit of USAID Activities to Combat Tuberculosis
      • South America
        • Bolivia
          • Audit of USAID/Bolivia’s Integrated Food Security Activity.
          • Audit of USAID/Bolivia’s Integrated Alternative Development Program.
        • Brazil
          • Followup Audit of USAID/Brazil’s Environmental Activities.
        • Colombia
          • Follow-Up Audit of USAID/Colombia’s Rule of Law Human Rights Activities.
          • Audit of Assistance to Internally Displaced Persons and Vulnerable Groups Financed by USAID/Colombia.
          • Audit of USAID/Colombia’s Human Rights Program
          • Audit of USAID/Colombia’s Alternative Development Program
        • Dominican Republic
          • Audit of USAID/Dominican Republic’s Agriculture Program.
        • Ecuador
          • Audit of USAID/Ecuador’s Environment Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Ecuador’s Alternative Development Program
        • El Salvador
          • Audit of USAID/El Salvador\'s Maternal and Child Health Activities.
          • Audit of USAID/El Salvador’s Education Activities.
          • Audit of the MCC-Funded Program in El Salvador.
        • Mexico
          • Audit of USAID/Mexico’s Rule of Law and Human Rights Program.
        • Honduras
          • Audit of USAID/Honduras’s Education Activities.
          • Audit of USAID/Honduras’s Democracy and Governance Activities
          • Audit of USAID/Honduras’s Trade, Investment, and Competitiveness Program
        • Panama
          • Audit of USAID/Panama’s Environmental Activities.
        • Peru
          • Audit of USAID/Peru’s Health Program Relating to Tuberculosis and HIV Infections.
          • Audit of USAID/Peru’s Environment Activities.
        • Guatemala
          • Audit of USAID/Guatemala’s Democracy and Governance Activities
        • Guyana
          • Audit of USAID/Guyana’s Progress in Implementing PEPFAR
      • Africa
        • Benin
          • Audit of USAID/Benin’s Implementation of the President’s Malaria Initiative.
        • Botswana
          • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Regional HIV/AIDS Program in Botswana.
        • Côte d’Ivoire
          • Audit of USAID/West Africa’s HIV/AIDS Activities in Côte d’Ivoire.
        • East Africa
          • Audit of USAID/East Africa’s Conflict Mitigation Activities.
        • Ethiopia
          • Audit of USAID/Ethiopia’s Africa Education Initiative.
          • Audit of USAID/Ethiopia’s Management of Commodities for PEPFAR
          • Audit of USAID/Ethiopia’s Agricultural Sector Productivity Activities
        • Ghana
          • Audit of USAID/Ghana’s Malaria Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Ghana’s HIV/AIDS Program.
        • Guinea
          • Audit of USAID/Guinea’s Family Planning and Reproductive Health Activities.
          • Audit of USAID/Guinea’s Health Activities.
        • Kenya
          • Audit of Selected Elements of USAID/Kenya’s Agriculture Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Kenya’s Implementation of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Program
        • Lesotho
          • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Regional HIV/AIDS Program in Lesotho.
        • Liberia
          • Audit of USAID/Liberia’s Energy Assistance Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Liberia’s Economic Growth Activities
        • Madagascar
          • Audit of USAID/Madagascar’s Family Planning and Reproductive Health Activities.
        • Mali
          • Audit of USAID/Mali’s Education Program.
        • Morocco
          • Audit of USAID/Morocco’s Agriculture Programs.
        • Mozambique
          • Audit of USAID/Mozambique’s HIV/AIDS Treatment Program.
        • Namibia
          • Audit of USAID/Namibia’s HIV/AIDS Care Program.
          • Audit of the Education Project in Namibia.
          • Audit of USAID/Namibia’s Efforts To Address Critical Shortages in Trained HIV/AIDS Health Workers.
        • Niger
          • Audit of USAID’s Food Assistance Under the Multiyear Assistance Program in Niger.
        • Nigeria
          • Audit of USAID/Nigeria’s Assistance to Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children.
          • Audit of USAID/Nigeria’s TB and Malaria Interventions
        • Senegal
          • Audit of USAID/Senegal’s Economic Growth Activities.
        • South Africa
        • Sudan
          • Follow-Up Audit of USAID/Sudan’s Road Infrastructure Activities.
          • Audit of USAID’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance Activities in Sudan.
          • Audit of USAID/Sudan’s Modern Energy Services Program.
          • Audit of the USAID/Sudan’s Maternal and Child Health Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Sudan’s Civil Society Program
        • Tanzania
          • Audit of USAID/Tanzania’s Ongoing Activities Under the President’s Malaria Initiative.
          • Audit of MCC’s Funding of Activities in Tanzania.
          • Audit of USAID/Tanzania’s Basic Education Program
        • Uganda
          • Audit of USAID/Uganda’s Public Law 480 Title II Program.
        • Rwanda
          • Audit of USAID/Rwanda’s Agricultural Activities.
        • Zambia
          • Audit of USAID/Zambia’s Gender-Related HIV/AIDS Activities.
          • Audit of USAID/Zambia’s Gender-Specific Activities Under the HIV/AIDS Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Zambia’s Food Security Activities.
        • Africa Regional
          • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Bilateral Economic Growth Program.
          • Audit of USAID’s African Growth Competitiveness Initiative.
          • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Gender-Specific Activities Under the HIV/AIDS Program.
          • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s HIV/AIDS Treatment Program.
        • Congo
          • Audit of USAID/Democratic Republic of the Congo’s Basic Education Program
          • Audit of USAID/Democratic Republic of Congo’s Displaced Children and Orphans Fund Activities
        • Sierra Leone
          • Audit of USAID/Sierra Leone’s Agricultural Sector Activities
        • Audit of USAID’s Commodities for Malaria Prevention and Treatment.
      • Australia
      • Europe
        • Kosovo
          • Audit of USAID/Kosovo’s Activities for Economic Growth.
        • Russia
          • Audit of USAID/Russia’s Tuberculosis-Funded Activities.
          • Audit of USAID/Russia’s Program to Reduce Trafficking in Persons
      • Antarctica
    • Audit of USAID/Nepal’s Education for Income Generation and Conflict Mitigation Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Capacity-Building Development Program
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community-Based Conflict Mitigation Program
    • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Links to Learning: Education Support to Pakistan Program
    • Worldwide Audit of Selected Prevention Activities for Combating HIV/AIDS (Multicountry Audit)
    • Worldwide Audit of USAID’s Displaced Children and Orphans Fund (Multicountry Audit)
    • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Afghanistan’s Infrastructure Rehabilitation Program—Power Se
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Rapid Assistance Program
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Transition Plans.
    • Audit of Field Staff Monitoring of USAID/Afghanistan Programs.
    • Audit of Internal Controls Over the Separate Maintenance Allowance at USAID/Afghanistan.
    • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Firms Project.
    • Review of USAID/Iraq Contractors’ Compliance with the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008.
    • Follow-Up Audit of USAID/Colombia’s Rule of Law Human Rights Activities.
    • Audit of USAID’s Social Marketing and Behavior Change Interventions for HIV/AIDS, Reproductive & Sexual Health, and Child Survival Project in Cambodia.
    • Audit of USAID/Madagascar’s Family Planning and Reproductive Health Activities.
    • Audit of USAID’s Food Assistance Under the Multiyear Assistance Program in Niger.
    • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Youth: Work Jordan Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Tajikistan’s Productive Agriculture Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Shelter and Supporting Infrastructure Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Construction of Health and Education Facilities Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Pre-Service Teacher Education Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Agriculture Private Sector Development—Agribusiness Program.
    • Audit of USAID’s Initiatives in Anti-Trafficking in Persons Activities.
    • Survey and Pilot Audit of USAID’s Environmental Safeguards When Implementing HIV/AIDS Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Zambia’s Gender-Specific Activities Under the HIV/AIDS Program.
    • Survey and Pilot Audit of USAID’s Assistance to Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Selected HIV/AIDS Focus Countries.
    • Audit of USAID/Ethiopia’s Africa Education Initiative.
    • Audit of USAID/Colombia’s Human Rights Program
    • Audit of USAID’s Activities Through the Victims of Torture Fund
    • Audit of USAID/Philippines’ Sustainable Health Improvements Through Empowerment and Local Development Projec
    • Audit of USAID/Guyana’s Progress in Implementing PEPFAR
    • Audit of USAID’s Reporting on Global Development Alliances
    • Audit of USAID/Colombia’s Alternative Development Program
    • Audit of USAID/Democratic Republic of Congo’s Displaced Children and Orphans Fund Activities
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Regional Afghan Municipalities Program for Urban Population (RAMP UP)–East.
    • Follow-Up Audit of Selected OIG Recommendations to USAID/Afghanistan.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s USAID Air Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Energy Efficiency and Capacity Program.
    • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Palestinian Health Sector Reform and Development Project.
    • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Democracy and Governance Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Peru’s Health Program Relating to Tuberculosis and HIV Infections.
    • Audit of USAID/Egypt’s LIFE Integrated Water Resource Management Program II Activities.
    • Audit of USAID’s American Schools and Hospitals Abroad Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Rwanda’s Agricultural Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Liberia’s Energy Assistance Program.
    • Audit of USAID’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance Activities in Sudan.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support for Increased Electoral Participation in Afghanistan Activity.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Alternative Development Program Expansion, South and West.
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Provincial Economic Growth Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Dominican Republic’s Agriculture Program.
    • Worldwide Audit of USAID’s Efforts To Protect the Environmental Considerations in Its Project Portfolio.
    • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s HIV/AIDS Treatment Program.
    • Worldwide Audit of Selected Prevention Activities for Combating HIV/AIDS (Multicountry Audit).
    • Audit of USAID/Honduras’s Education Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Guatemala’s Democracy and Governance Activities
    • Audit of USAID’s Response to the Global Food Crisis
    • Audit of USAID/Russia’s Program to Reduce Trafficking in Persons
    • Audit of USAID/Kenya’s Implementation of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Program
    • Audit of USAID Efforts to Protect the Environment
    • Audit of USAID/Ecuador’s Alternative Development Program
    • Audit of Usaid/Iraq’s Microfinance Activity Under Its Provincial Economic Growth Program
    • Audit of the Sustainability of USAID/Afghanistan’s Office of Infrastructure, Engineering, and Energy Programs.
    • Business Directory
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Strategic Provincial Roads—Southern and Eastern Afghanistan Road Project.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Limited-Scope Grant in Support of the District Development Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Community Rehabilitation Infrastructure Support Program.
    • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Model Schools Program.
    • Audit of USAID/West Africa’s HIV/AIDS Activities in Côte d’Ivoire.
    • Audit of USAID/Ghana’s Malaria Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Small Village Wastewater Treatment Systems Project—Phase II.
    • Audit of USAID’s Higher Education for Development Program.
    • Follow-Up Audit of USAID/Sudan’s Road Infrastructure Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Morocco’s Agriculture Programs.
    • Audit of Humanitarian Response to the 2008 Conflict in Georgia by USAID’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support to the Electoral Process in Afghanistan Activity.
    • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Federally Administered Tribal Areas Livelihood Development Program.
    • Audit of the USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Infrastructure Needs Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Kosovo’s Activities for Economic Growth.
    • Audit of USAID/Guinea’s Health Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Mozambique’s HIV/AIDS Treatment Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Zambia’s Food Security Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Sudan’s Civil Society Program
    • Audit of USAID/Honduras’s Democracy and Governance Activities
    • Audit of USAID/Democratic Republic of the Congo’s Basic Education Program
    • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s P.L. 480 Title II Programs
    • Audit of USAID/Ethiopia’s Management of Commodities for PEPFAR
    • Audit of USAID/Sierra Leone’s Agricultural Sector Activities
    • Audit of USAID/Honduras’s Trade, Investment, and Competitiveness Program
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Design for Sustainability in the Education Program.
    • Review of USAID/Afghanistan’s Contracts and Cooperative Agreements.
    • Direct Assistance to the Ministry of Public Health in Support of the Partnership Contracts for Health Services Program.
    • Review of USAID/Afghanistan’s Preaward Survey and Certification Process.
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Anticorruption Activities and Selected Financial Transactions of Its National Capacity Development Program.
    • Audit of the USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Palestinian Authority Capacity Enhancement Project.
    • Audit of USAID/Namibia’s HIV/AIDS Care Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Tanzania’s Ongoing Activities Under the President’s Malaria Initiative.
    • Review of USAID/Egypt’s Communication for Healthy Living Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Education Reform Support Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Bolivia’s Integrated Alternative Development Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Vietnam’s Competitiveness Initiative Phase II Program.
    • Audit of USAID’s Famine Early Warning System Information Network.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Water, Agriculture, and Technology Transfer Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Afghanistan Vouchers for Increased Production in Agriculture Program.
    • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Emergency Jobs Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Sudan’s Modern Energy Services Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Ghana’s HIV/AIDS Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Regional HIV/AIDS Program in Botswana.
    • Audit of Selected Elements of USAID/Kenya’s Agriculture Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Egypt’s American University Leaders for Education and Development Program Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Afghan Civilian Assistance Program
    • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Democracy and Governance Activities
    • Audit of USAID/Tanzania’s Basic Education Program
    • Audit of USAID/Egypt’s School-Based Reform Activities Under Its Education Reform Program
    • Worldwide Audit of USAID’s PEPFAR-Funded Activities and Commodities for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Tr
    • Audit of USAID/Liberia’s Economic Growth Activities
    • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Sustainable Achievement of Business Expansion and Quality Project
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Performance-Based Governor’s Fund.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Kandahar Power Initiative.
    • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Education Activities.
    • Review of Cash-Disbursement Practices Employed by Selected USAID/Afghanistan Contractors and Grantees.
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Elections Administration Support Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Rule of Law and Security Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Vietnam’s Social Marketing Prevention and Supportive Services in Vietnam Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Health Activities Supporting Long-Term Reconstruction.
    • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s Private Sector for Women’s Health Project.
    • Audit of USAID/Yemen’s Basic Education Support and Training Project.
    • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Bilateral Economic Growth Program.
    • Audit of USAID’s Controls to Protect the Environment Under Its Malaria Prevention and Treatment Programs.
    • Audit of MCC’s Funding of Activities in Tanzania.
    • Review of USAID/Afghanistan Contractors’ Compliance With the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization
    • Audit of USAID’s Iran Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Rule of Law Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Georgia’s Investments in Energy Infrastructure.
    • Audit of USAID’s Commodities for Malaria Prevention and Treatment.
    • Audit of USAID/Uganda’s Public Law 480 Title II Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Mali’s Education Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Technical Support to the Central and Provincial Ministry of Public Health
    • Audit of USAID/Yemen’s Democracy and Governance Activities
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Basic Education Program
    • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Water Activities
    • Audit of USAID Activities to Combat Tuberculosis
    • Audit of USAID/Ethiopia’s Agricultural Sector Productivity Activities
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Provincial Economic Growth Program
    • Audit of Gender-Related Activities in Selected USAID/Afghanistan Programs.
    • Audit of the Financial Sustainability of USAID/Afghanistan’s Energy Sector Programs.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Incentives Driving Economic Alternatives for the North, East, and West Program
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support for Increased Electoral Participation in Afghanistan (IEP) Activity and Support to the Electoral Process (STEP) Activity.
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Contracting Process.
    • Review of Selected High-Risk Contracts Issued from USAID/Washington for Compliance with the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008.
    • Audit of USAID/Zambia’s Gender-Related HIV/AIDS Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s Leadership, Management, and Sustainability Program.
    • Audit of USAID/El Salvador\'s Maternal and Child Health Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/El Salvador’s Education Activities.
    • Audit of Participant Training Programs in USAID’s Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade.
    • Audit of USAID/Bangladesh’s Integrated Protected Area Co-Management Program.
    • Audit of MCC Private Sector Initiatives.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Partnership for Community-Based Education in Afghanistan Program.
    • Audit of the Sustainability of Selected USAID/Iraq Infrastructure Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/East Africa’s Conflict Mitigation Activities.
    • Audit of USAID’s African Growth Competitiveness Initiative.
    • Audit of USAID/Benin’s Implementation of the President’s Malaria Initiative.
    • Audit of USAID/Namibia’s Efforts To Address Critical Shortages in Trained HIV/AIDS Health Workers.
    • Audit of USAID/Jordan’s School Construction and Rehabilitation Project.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Capacity Development Program
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community Stabilization Program
    • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Bangladesh’s Population and Health Program
    • Audit of USAID/West Bank and Gaza’s Water Activities
    • Audit of USAID/Nigeria’s TB and Malaria Interventions
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Land Titling and Economic Restructuring Program
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Oversight of Private Security Contractors in Iraq
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Management Controls for Efficiently Managing Program Operations.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Approaches to Providing Technical Assistance to the Government of Afghanistan.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Afghanistan Stabilization Initiative—Southern Region.
    • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Emergency Cash-Transfer Program—University and Technical Education Component.
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Legislative Strengthening Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Yemen’s Implementation of Executive Order 13224.
    • Audit of USAID/Nigeria’s Assistance to Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children.
    • Audit of USAID/Guinea’s Family Planning and Reproductive Health Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Cambodia’s Better Health Services Project.
    • Audit of USAID/Lebanon’s Landmines and War Victims Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Philippines’ Growth With Equity in Mindanao (GEM) Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Ecuador’s Environment Program.
    • Audit of the MCC-Funded Program in El Salvador.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Support to the American University of Afghanistan Activity.
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Community Action Program III Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Mexico’s Rule of Law and Human Rights Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Panama’s Environmental Activities.
    • Audit of the USAID/Sudan’s Maternal and Child Health Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Russia’s Tuberculosis-Funded Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Philippines’ Education Quality and Access for Learning and Livelihood Skills Project.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Local Governance and Community Development Project in Northern and Western Regi
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Assistance to the Iraqi Electricity Sector
    • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Kazakhstan’s Health Program
    • Audit of USAID’s Activities Regarding Internally Displaced Persons in Iraq
    • Audit of USAID’s Implementation of the President’s Malaria Initiative
    • Audit of Selected Activities Funded Under USAID/Afghanistan’s Infrastructure Rehabilitation Program—Transpor
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Participation on Provincial Reconstruction Teams in Iraq
    • Review of USAID/Afghanistan\'s Internal Controls for Payroll.
    • Review of USAID/Afghanistan’s Use of Third-Country National Employees.
    • Audit of USAID/Afghanistan’s Regional Afghan Municipalities Program for Urban Populations for Regional Platforms.
    • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Road Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Activities Under the Quick-Impact Projects in South Waziristan.
    • Audit of the Sustainability of Selected USAID/Iraq-Funded Information Technology Systems.
    • Audit of USAID/Cambodia’s Program on Rights and Justice II.
    • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Regional HIV/AIDS Program in Lesotho.
    • Audit of USAID/India’s Innovations in Family Planning Services Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Bolivia’s Integrated Food Security Activity.
    • Audit of USAID/Haiti’s WINNER Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Senegal’s Economic Growth Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Peru’s Environment Activities.
    • Audit of the Education Project in Namibia.
    • Audit of USAID/Pakistan’s Family Advancement for Life and Health Program.
    • Audit of USAID/Iraq’s Local Governance Program III Activities.
    • Audit of Assistance to Internally Displaced Persons and Vulnerable Groups Financed by USAID/Colombia.
    • Followup Audit of USAID/Brazil’s Environmental Activities.
    • Audit of USAID/Southern Africa’s Gender-Specific Activities Under the HIV/AIDS Program.
    • Audit of USAID’s Implementation of the Water for the Poor Act.
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      • Evaluation International Winter University Macedonia IWUM 2005 REPORT.pdf
      • Course Description International Winter University Macedonia IWUM 2005.pdf
      • Executive Summary & Main Recommendations International Winter University Macedonia IWUM 2005 REPORT.pdf
      • International Winter University Macedonia IWUM 2005 REPORT.pdf
    • SEE University
      • Corporate Social Responsibility and the Management of Corporations. - Course description SEE University 2004.pdf
    • Law Faculty Methodius University
      • Methodius University Postgraduate Program English Translation.doc
    • European Institute of Public Administration
      • Experiences of Implementing Corporate Governance in Transition Economies A Practitioner’s View - EIPA.pptm
  • Kluwer Handboek
  • Learning Center Quizzes
    • General Questions Related to USAID.pdf
    • USAID Branding and Marking Questions.pdf
    • USAID Project Monitoring and Evaluation.pdf
  • Academic Publications
    • Ph.D. Thesis
      • Stellingen - Dissertation - An International Comparison of Corporate Governance Models - In Dutch
      • Dissertation Full Text - An International Comparison of Corporate Governance Models
      • Press Release - Dissertation - An International Comparison of Corporate Governance Models - In Dutch
      • Summary - Dissertation - An International Comparison of Corporate Governance Models - In Dutch
    • Master Thesis on Management Buy-Outs (in Dutch)
      • Management Buy-Out. Een Paleisrevolutie.pdf
    • Working Papers
      • Reform Strategies for Boards of Directors in Emerging Markets
        • Reform Strategies for Boards of Directors in Emerging Markets - How the Private Sector can be Involved in the Development and Implementation of Modern Business Standards.pdf
        • Reform Strategies for Boards of Directors in Emerging Markets - How the Private Sector can be Involved in the Development and Implementation of Modern Business Standards.ppt
        • March 2010 Reform Strategies for Boards of Directors in Emerging Markets version 1.pptx
      • Comparing Major International Corporate Governance Models - A Convergence of One-tier and Two-tier Board Models.pdf
      • THE INFLUENCE OT THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ON THE STRATEGIC RENEWAL BEHAVIOR OF LISTED CORPORATIONS.pdf
      • The Hidden Effects of Corporate Governance Reform in the Netherlands - non-executive directors’ changing external and internal service roles.pdf
      • Assessing corporate responses to changing board network expectations.pdf
      • The Importance of Independent Directors for Indonesian Boards of Directors A Review of the EU Corporate Governance Action Plan
      • Boardroom Dynamics of two-tier boards: How non-executive directors manage working relationships with executives.
    • Published Articles
      • Corporate Governance and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: How SMEs Can Benefit from Corporate Governance Principles and Corporate Social Responsibility.
        • Corporate Governance and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises How SMEs Can Benefit from Corporate Governance Principles and Corporate Social Responsibility
        • SMEs and Corporate Governance 2004.ppt
        • SMEs and Corporate Governance 2004_mac_revised.ppt
      • The Relationship Between Corporate Governance and the Performance of Joint Stock Companies. How the Macedonian Company Law Can Help
        • The Relationship Between Corporate Governance and the Performance of Joint Stock Companies. How the Macedonian Company Law Can Help
        • Powerpoint - The Relationship Between Corporate Governance and the Performance of Joint Stock Companies. How the Macedonian Company Law Can Help
      • Major Transactions: How the Macedonian 2004 Company Law Protects Directors, Managers and Shareholders
        • Major Transactions How the Macedonian 2004 Company Law Protects Directors, Managers and Shareholders
        • Major transactions presentation MBLA May 2004.ppt
        • Macedonian Company Law Final Version December 2004.pdf
      • De Adviserende Rol Van Commissarissen In Het Licht Van De Code Tabaksblat Minder Overlappende Commissariaten, Meer Interne Verantwoordelijkheden
      • The importance of disclosure in corporate governance self-regulation across Europe - A review of the Winter Report and the EU Action Plan
      • The Emerging Role of Audit Committees
      • Een internationale vergelijking van corporate governance modellen - is er sprake van convergentie
      • On the Supposed independence of Two-tier Boards - Formal Structure and Reality in the Netherlands
      • Veranderingen in de servicerol van commissarissen in Nederland
      • De audit-commissie van de Raad van Commissarissen in Nederland - Een internationaal perspectief
      • The changing role of the supervisory board chairman the case of the Netherlands (1997–2007)
      • Investigating the Development of the Internal and External Service Tasks of Non-executive Directors the case of the Netherlands (1997–2005)
      • Het Gebruik Van Toezichthoudende Commissies Binnen Raden Van Commissarissen In Beursgenoteerde Ondernemingen
      • Independent Directors for Macedonian Joint Stock Companies. Why the Proposed Company Law Should Emphasize Disclosure Requirements
      • Gebruik Van Toezichthoudende Commissies Sterk Toegenomen - Stand Van Zaken In Honderd Nederlandse Beursgenoteerde Ondernemingen
    • Chapters in Publications
      • Maassen and Brown on the Effectiveness of Shareholders Meetings.pdf
      • Maassen and Latif on Non-Listed Joint Stock Companies in Macedonia.pdf
      • Cumulative Voting and the Protection of Minority Shareholders in the CIS
  • Business Tools
    • Armenian Corporate Governance Manual
      • Additional Insert - Corporate Governance Manual for Armenia English Version.pdf
      • Corporate Governance Manual for Armenia Armenian Version.pdf
      • Corporate Governance Manual for Armenia English Version.pdf
    • Russian Corporate Governance Manual
      • Russia Corporate Governance Manual Full Text.pdf
    • Model Business Conduct Guidelines.pdf
  • Economic and Legal Reform Studies
    • Investor Protection CIS
      • Model Legislative Provisions of the CIS on Investor Protection.pdf
    • Armenian Law on Joint Stock Companies
      • Draft Law on Joint Stock Companies Armenia June 18 2001 Armenia.pdf
      • Analysis Law on Joint Stock Companies Armenia 2000.pdf
      • Final Law on Joint Stock Companies Armenia 2001.pdf
    • Commercial Law and Institutional Review Macedonia
      • Commercial Law and Institutional Review 2005 Macedonia PowerPoint Presentation.ppt
      • Commercial Law and Institutional Review 2003 Macedonia.pdf
      • Commercial Law and Institutional Review 2005 Macedonia.pdf
    • Fact Sheets on Joint Stock Companies
      • Analysis on Joint Stock Companies for OECD Kazakhstan.pdf
      • Analysis on Joint Stock Companies for OECD Mongolia.pdf
    • Corporate Governance Country Analysis - Armenia
      • Agenda 2nd Meeting of the Eurasian Corporate Governance Roundtable - Georgia Tbilisi 7-8 June 2001.pdf
      • Transparency and Disclosure SURVEY - Armenia - 2nd Meeting of the Eurasian Corporate Governance Roundtable Russian_version.pdf
      • Transparency and Disclosure SURVEY - Armenia - 2nd Meeting of the Eurasian Corporate Governance Roundtable.pdf
    • Corporate Governance Country Analysis - Macedonia
      • CG&CL_ENTERPRISE_SURVEY_ RESULTS_ 2003_data_book_english.pdf
      • CG&CL_ENTERPRISE_SURVEY_ RESULTS_ 2003_powerpoint_english.pdf
      • Corporate Governance in Macedonia_ A census of JSCs_Gregory Maassen and Samir Latif_EMG.pdf
    • Shareholders' rights survey 2004 - 2005 Macedonia
      • 2004 CGCL SHAREHOLDER PREZ CORP GOV COUNCIL.ppt
      • 2004 SHAREHOLDER SURVEY DATABOOK.pdf
      • Shareholder rights in Macedonia_Maassen_Carson_Latif.pdf
  • Fraud Mitigation Tools
    • Fraud Awareness Handbook USAID Office of the Inspector General 052201.pdf
    • Fraud Reporting Guidance for USAID Implementing Partners Office of the Inspector General PDACR319.pdf
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International Corp. Gov. Models

• Chapter 1: The Introduction to This Study
  • 1.1 Introduction
  • 1.2 The Organization of Corporate Boards of Directors
  • 1.3 Alternative Approaches to the Formal Independence of Corporate Boards of Directors
  • 1.4 Research Questions on the Formal Independence of Corporate Board Models
  • 1.5 The Organization of This Study
  • 1.6 The Research Approach of This Study
  • 1.7 Conclusion
• Chapter 2: Literature Review of Board Involvement
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Board Involvement in Decision Making
  • 2.3 The Roles of Corporate Boards of Directors: A Theoretical Classification
  • 2.4 General Models of Board Involvement in Strategic Decision Making
  • 2.5 Summary
• Chapter 3: Boards - Conflict Perspective
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 A Conflict Perspective of Board Organization
  • 3.3 A Conflict Perspective of One-Tier Board Model Attributes
  • 3.4 A Conflict Perspective of Two-Tier Board Model Attributes
  • 3.5 Summary
• Chapter 4: Boards - Consensus Perspective
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 A Consensus Perspective of Board Organization
  • 4.3 A Consensus Perspective of One-Tier Board Model Attributes
  • 4.4 A Consensus Perspective of Two-Tier Board Model Attributes
  • 4.5 Summary
• Chapter 5: The Convergence of Boards
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 The Role of Stock Exchanges in Corporate Governance
  • 5.3 The Draft Fifth Directive on Company Law
  • 5.4 The Role of Institutional Investors
  • 5.5 A Theoretical Model of Board Model Convergence
  • 5.6 Summary
• Chapter 6: One-Tier Board Attributes in the US
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Federal Level: The Disclosure of Corporate Boards Under Federal Securities Laws
  • 6.3 State Level: The Attributes of One-Tier Boards Under State Corporation Laws
  • 6.4 Facts About Changing One-Tier Board Attributes
  • 6.5 Summary
• Chapter 7: One-Tier Board Attributes in the UK
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Corporate Governance in the UK
  • 7.3 About Board Composition
  • 7.4 About Board Leadership Structures
  • 7.5 About Board Committees
  • 7.6 Facts About Changing One-Tier Board Attributes
  • 7.7 Summary
• Chapter 8: Two-Tier Board Attributes Netherlands
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Corporate Governance in the Netherlands
  • 8.3 About Board Composition
  • 8.4 About Board Leadership Structures
  • 8.5 About Board Committees
  • 8.6 Facts About Changing Two-Tier Board Attributes
  • 8.7 Summary
• Chapter 9: Comparing Changing Board Attributes
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 The Transformation of Corporate Boards in the US and the UK
  • 9.3 The Transformation of Corporate Boards in the Netherlands
  • 9.4 The Convergence of Board Models
  • 9.5 The Implications of Research Findings
  • 9.6 Suggestions for Future Research
  • 9.7 Summary
• End Notes
  • End Notes
• References
  • References
• Summary in Dutch
  • Samenvatting